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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) | OTHER |
| Discover the Journey | UNKNOWN |
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The main research question of the study is whether a family-based, life-skills focused psychosocial intervention is effective in reducing psychological distress and stigma and improving inter-personal relations and functioning among war-affected children in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Family-Focused Psychosocial Intervention | Experimental | Intervention Group |
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| Waiting List Control | No Intervention |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Family-Focused, Community-Based, Resilience-Targetting Psychosocial Intervention | Behavioral | A 12-module manualised intervention focusing on reducing psychological distress, improving family and community functioning and boosting daily functioning of adolescents through the use of Mobile Cinema Screenings and task-based, participatory, group-sessions |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Reduction in Post-traumatic Stress Reaction Symptoms Among Participants | To assess post-traumatic stress reaction symptoms the 8-item Impact of Events Scale (CRIES-8) was used (Yule, 1997). Respondents indicating how frequently they experience a symptom on a 4-point Likert scale (0, 1, 2, 3). Thus the minimum score was 0 while the maximum score was 24. A high score indicates a high level of post-traumatic stress symptoms. This 8-item CRIES, which was designed for children over 7 years of age, has an identical factor structure to the 22-item version (Yule, 1997) which was previously validated with a sample of 1,046 war-affected adolescents in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (Mels, Derluyn, Broekaert & Rosseel, 2010) (internal reliability range: 0·79 to 0·84; Cronbach's alpha for the total scale: 0·93). In the current study, internal consistency was 0·557. | 1-week before intervention, 3-weeks later |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| African Youth Psychosocial Assessment Inventory - Depression and Anxiety Subscales | Internalising symptoms were assessed using the African Youth Psychosocial Assessment Instrument (AYPA) (Betancourt et al., 2009).This 17 item Likert (0 = minimum, 51 = maximum) measure was developed in northern Uganda after extensive qualitative consultation with young people, caregivers and mental health workers. A high score on the AYPA indicates a high level of internalizing symptoms. It is the only African developed, validated questionnaire available, had been used in separate studies with war-affected children in the DR Congo (McMullen et al., 2013; O'Callaghan, McMullen, Shannon, Rafferty & Black; 2013) and includes symptoms of distress which do not appear in Western-developed measures (e.g. muttering to oneself, feeling pain in your heart, sitting with your head in your hand etc.). Test-retest reliability (carried out with a subset of 30 participants) for the AYPA was 0·91, inter-rater reliability was 0·58 (n = 26) and internal consistency was 0·787 (internalising symptoms). |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ciarán Shannon, BA, MA, DClin | British Psychological Society (Chartered Clinical Psychologist) | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dungu | Dungu | Haut-Uele | DRC | Republic of the Congo |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24636358 | Derived | O'Callaghan P, Branham L, Shannon C, Betancourt TS, Dempster M, McMullen J. A pilot study of a family focused, psychosocial intervention with war-exposed youth at risk of attack and abduction in north-eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Child Abuse Negl. 2014 Jul;38(7):1197-207. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.02.004. Epub 2014 Mar 15. |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Family-Focused Psychosocial Intervention | Intervention Group Family-Focused, Community-Based, Resilience-Targetting Psychosocial Intervention: An 8-module manualised intervention focusing on reducing psychological distress, improving family and community functioning and boosting daily functioning of adolescents through the use of Mobile Cinema Screenings and task-based, participatory, group-sessions |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
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| pre-intervention, 3 weeks later |
| FG001 | Waiting List Control Group | Waiting List Control Group of Adolescents who received the intervention once it was shown to be effective for the Intervention Group |
| Post-Intervention Assessment |
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| COMPLETED |
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| NOT COMPLETED |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Family-Focused Psychosocial Intervention | Intervention Group Family-Focused, Community-Based, Resilience-Targetting Psychosocial Intervention: A 12-module manualised intervention focusing on reducing psychological distress, improving family and community functioning and boosting daily functioning of adolescents through the use of Mobile Cinema Screenings and task-based, participatory, group-sessions |
| BG001 | Waiting List Control | |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
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| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean | Standard Deviation | years |
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| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
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| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Reduction in Post-traumatic Stress Reaction Symptoms Among Participants | To assess post-traumatic stress reaction symptoms the 8-item Impact of Events Scale (CRIES-8) was used (Yule, 1997). Respondents indicating how frequently they experience a symptom on a 4-point Likert scale (0, 1, 2, 3). Thus the minimum score was 0 while the maximum score was 24. A high score indicates a high level of post-traumatic stress symptoms. This 8-item CRIES, which was designed for children over 7 years of age, has an identical factor structure to the 22-item version (Yule, 1997) which was previously validated with a sample of 1,046 war-affected adolescents in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (Mels, Derluyn, Broekaert & Rosseel, 2010) (internal reliability range: 0·79 to 0·84; Cronbach's alpha for the total scale: 0·93). In the current study, internal consistency was 0·557. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | 1-week before intervention, 3-weeks later |
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| Secondary | African Youth Psychosocial Assessment Inventory - Depression and Anxiety Subscales | Internalising symptoms were assessed using the African Youth Psychosocial Assessment Instrument (AYPA) (Betancourt et al., 2009).This 17 item Likert (0 = minimum, 51 = maximum) measure was developed in northern Uganda after extensive qualitative consultation with young people, caregivers and mental health workers. A high score on the AYPA indicates a high level of internalizing symptoms. It is the only African developed, validated questionnaire available, had been used in separate studies with war-affected children in the DR Congo (McMullen et al., 2013; O'Callaghan, McMullen, Shannon, Rafferty & Black; 2013) and includes symptoms of distress which do not appear in Western-developed measures (e.g. muttering to oneself, feeling pain in your heart, sitting with your head in your hand etc.). Test-retest reliability (carried out with a subset of 30 participants) for the AYPA was 0·91, inter-rater reliability was 0·58 (n = 26) and internal consistency was 0·787 (internalising symptoms). | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | pre-intervention, 3 weeks later |
|
Participants were informally monitored (through thrice weekly check-ins with the village leaders who were supporting the intervention) to ensure that the study intervention was not causing harm or resulting in Adverse Events for people in either the intervention or waiting-list control group. No Adverse Events were reported to the team during the duration of the study or in the study month follow-up.
Although all participants faces a real and concerning threat of abduction by rebel units operating in the area, during the study no abductions of participants took place and the two villages where the interventions occurred were not attacked. It must also be stated that although these were Serious Adverse Risks being faced by participants these risks were not created by the study and participants were free to leave their villages at any time, should they feel that this was necessary.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Intervention Group | 0 | 79 | 0 | 79 | 0 | 79 | |
| EG001 | Waiting List Control Group | 0 | 80 | 0 | 80 | 0 | 80 |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr Paul O'Callaghan | Queen's University, Belfast | +44 7501 43 46 32 | pocallaghan02@qub.ac.uk |
| Male |
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