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Fasting (according to ASA, ESA or institutional guidelines) is an important strategy to minimize the risk of regurgitation, vomiting and pulmonary aspiration during general anaesthesia; the effect of fasting time for clear fluid on gastric pH in children is goal of this study and can be investigated in children undergoing elective procedures in intubation anaesthesia without inconvenience or additional invasive procedure and hence without additional risk
Hypotheses: Gastric pH is higher in children that drink until 1 hour before anaesthesia induction than in those that drink until 2 hours before anaesthesia induction
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 hour fluid fasting | Experimental | allowed to drink until 1 hour before scheduled anaesthesia induction |
|
| 2 hours fluid fasting | Active Comparator | allowed to drink until 2 hour before scheduled anaesthesia induction |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| clear fluid ingestion | Other | drinking of clear fluid in preoperative period |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| gastric pH | gastric pH is measured from gastric contents which is sampled in a syringe via an orogastric tube immediately during anaesthesia after tracheal intubation induction; suctioning of the stomach after intubation is a procedure routinely performed in every intubation child in our institution | within 10 min after tracheal intubation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| subjective feeling of hunger/thirst | subjective feeling of hunger/thirst given as rating scale from 1 to 4 | within 10 minutes after arrival of patient in operating theatre |
| gastric aspirate volume |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Achim J Schmitz, MD | University Children's Hospital, Zurich | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University Children's Hospital | Zurich | 4153 | Switzerland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25501720 | Derived | Schmidt AR, Buehler P, Seglias L, Stark T, Brotschi B, Renner T, Sabandal C, Klaghofer R, Weiss M, Schmitz A. Gastric pH and residual volume after 1 and 2 h fasting time for clear fluids in childrendagger. Br J Anaesth. 2015 Mar;114(3):477-82. doi: 10.1093/bja/aeu399. Epub 2014 Dec 13. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005215 | Fasting |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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gastric aspirate volume is the amount of gastric contents which is sampled in a syringe via an orogastric tube immediately during anaesthesia after tracheal intubation induction; suctioning of the stomach after intubation is a procedure routinely performed in every intubation child in our institution
| within 10 min after tracheal intubation |
| Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) in recovery unit | recovery period, on the average within 90 minutes after end of anaesthesia |
| Behaviour during recovery period | Rating Scale 1 - 5 by blinded nurse (5: severely agitated/emergency delir with subsequent drug therapy, 4: agitated/emergeny delir; 3: slightly agitated; 2: complaining pain but cooperative; 1: cooperative) | recovery period, on the average within 90 minutes after end of anaesthesia |
| Behaviour during anaesthesia induction | Rating scale 1 - 5 by (blinded) anaesthetist: 1: cooperating - 2: anxious but cooperating - 3: hostile - 4: crying - 5: agitated/fighting | on the average within 20 minutes after arrival of patient in operating theatre |