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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a purpose-built intervention in improving the mental health of abused Mainland Chinese immigrant women in a community in Hong Kong.
Depression is one of the most common mental health sequelae of Intimate partner violence. Not only does depression have an adverse effect on abused women's health and well-being, it also reduces their capacity to cope with the abuse by limiting their ability to perform self-care, meet work requirement, maintain independence, establish relationships, and access social support. Previously, the ability of abused women to take care of themselves was found to be a protective factor for depression. In order to enhance abused women's self-care, advocacy interventions have been developed to help them make sense of the abusive situation, identify potential solutions, and achieve their goals. Also, immigration status was shown to be significantly associated with a higher level of depressive symptoms among the abused women. The findings are important as they point to the need for further research to develop and evaluate culturally congruent interventions to meet the needs of abused Mainland Chinese immigrant women in Hong Kong. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a purpose-built intervention to address the unmet needs of Mainland Chinese immigrant women survivors of Intimate partner violence and to assess its effect on the mental health of the women.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Purpose-built intervention | Experimental | A purpose-built intervention consists of: (i) Empowerment; (ii) Parenting workshops; and (iii) Telephone social support and Peer support. |
|
| Standard community health education program | No Intervention | The community health education programme consists of two group sessions with one on the topic of osteoporosis and one on dietary therapy based on the concepts of Chinese medicine. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Purpose-built intervention | Behavioral | A purpose-built intervention consists of: (i) Empowerment; (ii) Parenting workshops; and (iii) Telephone social support and Peer support. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in depressive symptoms at 6-month post-intervention | The Beck Depression Inventory version II is used to assess depressive symptoms at baseline and also at 6-month post-intervention | Baseline and 6-month post-intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in parenting stress at 6-month post-intervention | The Parenting Stress Index is used to measure paretning stress at baseline and also at 6-month post-intervention | Baseline and 6-month post-intervention |
| Change from baseline in perceptions of social support at 6-month post-intervention |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Agnes Tiwari, PhD | The University of Hong Kong | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HKSKH Lady MacLehose Center | Hong Kong | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Background | Golding JM. Intimate partner violence as a risk factor for mental disorders: a meta-analysis. J Fam Viol 1999; 14: 99-132. | ||
| 17545569 | Background | Kendall-Tackett KA. Inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome as sequelae of violence against women: the role of depression, hostility, and sleep disturbance. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2007 Apr;8(2):117-26. doi: 10.1177/1524838007301161. | |
| 11232214 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003863 | Depression |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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The 12-item Interpersonal Support Evaluation List is used to assess perceptions of social supportat baseline and also at 6-month post-intervention |
| Baseline and 6-month post-intervention |
| Change from baseline in health-related quality of life at 6-month post-intervention | The SF-12 Health Survey is used to assess health-related quality of life at baseline and also at 6-month post-intervention | Baseline and 6-month post-intervention |
| Change from baseline in intimate partner violence at 6-month post-intervention | The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales is used to measure the type and frequency of behaviors used by the perpetrator during partner conflict at baseline and also at 6-month post-intervention. | Baseline and 6-month post-intervention |
| Change from baseline in safety behaviors at 6-month post-intervention | The Safety Assessment Checklist is used to to measure the safety behaviours used by abused women to avert intimate partner violence at baseline and also at 6-month post-intervention. | Baseline and 6-month post-intervention. |
| Background |
| Constantino RE, Sekula LK, Rabin B, Stone C. Negative life experiences, depression, and immune function in abused and nonabused women. Biol Res Nurs. 2000 Jan;1(3):190-8. doi: 10.1177/109980040000100304. |
| Background | Brush LD. Battering, traumatic stress, and welfare-to-work transition. Violence Against Women 2000; 6:1039-1065. |
| 11913224 | Background | O'Brien SM. Staying alive: a client with chronic mental illness in an environment of domestic violence. Holist Nurs Pract. 2002 Apr;16(3):16-23. doi: 10.1097/00004650-200204000-00006. |
| Background | Carlson BE, McNutt L, Choi DY, Rose IM. Intimate partner abuse and mental health: The role of social support and other protective factors. Violence Against Women 2002; 8: 720-745. |
| Background | Campbell JC, Kub J, Belknap RA, Templin TN. Predictors of depression in battered women. Violence Against Women 1997; 3: 271-93. PMID: 12349116 |
| Background | Ford-Gilboe M, Varcoe C, Wuest J, Merritt-Gray M. Intimate partner violence and nursing practice. In Humphreys J, Campbell JC, eds. Family violence and nursing practice (2nd ed). New York: Springer 2010; 115-154. |
| 21127447 | Background | Wong JY, Tiwari A, Fong DY, Humphreys J, Bullock L. Depression among women experiencing intimate partner violence in a Chinese community. Nurs Res. 2011 Jan-Feb;60(1):58-65. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0b013e3182002a7c. |