This randomized clinical trial studies how well an adaptive computerized cognitive training program works compared to a non-adaptive computerized cognitive training program in treating younger patients with brain tumor who underwent radiation therapy. Providing a computer training program may improve the well-being and quality of life of patients with cognitive (physical and mental) function difficulties caused by radiation therapy to the brain.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To assess the feasibility of a home-based, computerized, cognitive training program for patients with pediatric brain tumors who are undergoing cranial radiation therapy (CRT), treated in multiple Children Oncology Group (COG) institutions.

EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:

I. To estimate the effect size of this program on measures of attention and working memory in patients with brain tumors treated with CRT in order to design a definitive large-scale clinical trial.

OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms.

ARM I (intervention): Patients undergo a home-based, computerized, interactive training program comprising 3-5 sessions of 15-45 minutes every week for 5-9 weeks. The program contains twelve visually engaging and interesting exercises that target skills involving visual-spatial and verbal working memory (WM). The program is adaptive in a way that each difficulty task is automatically adjusted on a trial-by-trail basis to match a patient's current WM. Each patient has an interventional coach who has online access to patient's training sessions and outcomes (pass or fail). Coaches are able to modify the training sequence or make suggestions to patients and/or parents about how progress can be maximized. Coaches also have telephone meetings with patients and/or families once a week to ensure compliance, track progress, provide feedback, and answer questions that arise during training.

ARM II (control): Patients undergo a home-based, computerized, interactive, non-adaptive training program comprising 3-5 sessions of 15-45 minutes a week for 5-9 weeks. Each patient also has an interventional coach as in arm I. Patients in both arms complete a brief neuropsychological/behavioral assessment comprising the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WIS-IV), the Children's Memory Scale (CMS), and the California Verbal Learning Test-Children's Version (CVLT-C) at baseline, after completion of study, and at 6 months after completion of study. Additionally, parents complete a parent-report questionnaire to gather information about patient's behaviors, thoughts, emotions, adaptive skills, and social and functional impairment. Parents and children also complete surveys about the program regarding technical feasibility, adherence, ease-of-use, and satisfaction.

After completion of study treatment, participants are followed up within 3 weeks, then at 6 months.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient must be newly diagnosed or relapsed/progressed with a brain tumor that has not previously been treated with CRT

  • Note: COG therapeutic study participation is not required for ACCL10P1 enrollment

• Patient enrollment must occur within 4 calendar months following completion of CRT

  • Reminder: after patient enrollment, baseline testing followed by randomization must occur within 2-4 months after completion of CRT

• The patient must have an identified caregiver who is willing and able to oversee the training practice during the intervention period (ie, for 5-9 weeks starting approximately 3 months after completion of CRT)

• The patient must have access to a telephone and phone number where they can be reached

• The patient and caregiver must have reading, speaking and listening comprehension of English

• All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent (patient assent is also recommended when applicable according to each institution's policy)

• All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with pontine glioma are not eligible
• Patients with an estimated survival of less than one year are not eligible
• Patients with a history of traumatic brain injury prior to tumor diagnosis are not eligible
• Patients with a motor, visual, or auditory handicap that prevents computer use (e.g., unresolved posterior fossa syndrome) are not eligible to participate in this trial
• Patients with full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) < 70 per previous testing OR existing diagnosis of/educational classification as a student with an intellectual disability are not eligible