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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| PG/11/27/28842 | Other Grant/Funding Number | BRITISH HEART FOUNDATION |
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Umeå University | OTHER |
| NHS Lothian | OTHER_GOV |
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Exposure to air pollution is a well established risk factor for the development of heart disease. Firefighters are exposed to excess air pollution in the form of wood smoke during the extinguishing of forest or woodland fires. Heart attacks in on-duty firefighters have been linked to specific duties and in particular fire suppression, but the reasons for this increase in risk are not well understood. Exposure to wood smoke may alter blood vessel function and increase blood clot formation to explain the link between fire suppression and heart attacks.
The investigators wish to determine the effect of exposure to wood smoke at concentrations found at the perimeter of a woodland fire on blood vessel function and clotting in healthy non-smoking male professional firefighters or volunteers. Volunteers will be studied before and after inhalation of wood smoke or clean air for one hour in a purpose built whole-body exposure chamber. The investigators will perform comprehensive vascular assessments thereafter.
Understanding the effects of wood smoke on the blood vessels and clotting will be an important first step in helping to protect firefighters from heart disease. Through research, the investigators hope to identify methods to minimise the risk of heart attacks in firefighters and understand the health effects of a major source of air pollution that is relevant to the general population.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Filtered Air Exposure | Sham Comparator | 1 hour exposure to filtered air during intermittent exercise |
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| Woodsmoke Exposure | Active Comparator | 1 hour exposure to dilute woodsmoke at a concentration of 1000µg/m3 during intermittent exercise |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forearm Vascular Study | Procedure | Forearm venous occlusion plethysmography to measure forearm blood flow during intra-arterial infusion of the vasodilators Verapamil (10-100 µg/min), bradykinin (100-1000 pmol/min), sodium nitroprusside (2-8 µg/min) and Acetylcholine (5-20 µg/min). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Forearm blood flow measured by venous occlusion plethysmography in response to infused vasodilators | 4-6 hours after exposure |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Ex-vivo thrombus formation using the Badimon chamber | 2 hours after exposure | |
| Plasma t-PA and PAI concentrations following infusion of bradykinin | During forearm study, 4-6hours after exposure |
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Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Nicholas L Mills, MBChB PhD | University of Edinburgh | Study Director |
| David E Newby, MD PhD | University of Edinburgh | Study Chair |
| Anders Blomberg, MD PhD | Umeå University | Study Director |
| Thomas Sandström, MD PhD | Umeå Univerisity | Study Director |
| Amanda L Hunter, MBChB | University of Edinburgh | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umeå University | Umeå | Västerbotten County | SE-901 85 | Sweden |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25487196 | Result | Hunter AL, Unosson J, Bosson JA, Langrish JP, Pourazar J, Raftis JB, Miller MR, Lucking AJ, Boman C, Nystrom R, Donaldson K, Flapan AD, Shah AS, Pung L, Sadiktsis I, Masala S, Westerholm R, Sandstrom T, Blomberg A, Newby DE, Mills NL. Effect of wood smoke exposure on vascular function and thrombus formation in healthy fire fighters. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2014 Dec 9;11:62. doi: 10.1186/s12989-014-0062-4. | |
| 24667535 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013927 | Thrombosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016769 | Embolism and Thrombosis |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
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| Badimon Chamber | Procedure | Ex-vivo assessment of thrombus formation using the Badimon Chamber |
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| Derived |
| Langrish JP, Watts SJ, Hunter AJ, Shah AS, Bosson JA, Unosson J, Barath S, Lundback M, Cassee FR, Donaldson K, Sandstrom T, Blomberg A, Newby DE, Mills NL. Controlled exposures to air pollutants and risk of cardiac arrhythmia. Environ Health Perspect. 2014 Jul;122(7):747-53. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1307337. Epub 2014 Mar 25. |