Premedication Trial for Tracheal Intubation of the NEOnate

Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing "Atropine+Propofol" Versus "Atropine+Atracurium+Sufentanil" as a Premedication Prior to Semi-urgent or Elective Endotracheal Intubation of Term and Preterm Newborns

Multicenter double blind randomized controlled trial comparing "atropine+propofol" vs "atropine+atracurium+sufentanil" as a premedication prior to endotracheal intubation of the neonate.

Primary outcome: pulse oxymetry value < 80% for more than 60 seconds. Secondary outcomes: number of attempts, duration of the procedure, changes in physiologic parameters, short- and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome.

Hypothesis: "atropine + propofol" compared to "atropine+atracurium+sufentanil" will significantly reduce the frequency of severe hypoxemia.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Corrected age < 45 weeks of gestational age
• Currently hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit
• Requiring semi-urgent or elective intubation
• Equipped with a reliable and permeable IV line
• Parental consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Lack of parental consent
• Parental refusal
• Sedative or anesthetic treatment in the previous 24 hours
• Hemodynamic compromise defined as mean blood pressure< corrected GA and/or refill time > 3 seconds
• Upper airway malformation
• Life-threatening situation requiring immediate intubation
• Inclusion in another trial not permitting any other participation
• Impossibility to establish venous access
• Any contra-indication to any experimental drug