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HYPOTHESIS: The response to a given dose of morphine given via a spinal anesthetic for cesarean section will be affected by the genetics of the woman's mu-opioid receptor
Most women undergoing elective cesarean section (CS) receive spinal anesthesia, and most receive a dose of preservative free morphine with the spinal anesthetic. Spinally-administered morphine provides 16-24 hours of high quality pain relief. The dose administered is usually 75-200 micrograms, but surprisingly few dose-response studies exist.
The mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1 gene)is the site of action of endogenous opioid peptides and opioid analgesic drugs like morphine. There is a common genetic variant of this receptor at the 40th amino acid of the protein, with asparagine and asparate being present in different people. The less common variant (aspartate), present in 25-30% of the overall American population (higher in Asian populations, lower in Blacks) at codon 40 that has been shown in many studies to affect opioid analgesia.
This will be a randomized, blinded study of 3 doses of spinal morphine (50, 100, 150 micrograms) given to women undergoing elective cesarean section at term pregnancy. 300 women will be studied (100 per dose). Blood will be obtained for genotyping of OPRM1 and other genes that may affect pain and analgesic responses. The primary outcome will be the amount of intravenous morphine patients self-administer in the 24 hours postsurgery.
The primary outcome (use of intravenous morphine) will be analyzed by dose, and within each dose group by genotype of OPRM1. Secondary outcomes will include pain scores every 6 hours, satisfaction with analgesia, side effects (itching, nausea/vomiting) by dose and genotype.
It is anticipated that there will be an interim data analysis at 150 evaluable subjects for assessment of the dose response to morphine in the overall population; then a final analysis at 300 subjects for the genetic effect assessment.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50 micrograms (mcg) spinal morphine | Experimental | Subjects will receive 50 mcg morphine in their spinal anesthetic for cesarean section |
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| 100 micrograms spinal morphine | Experimental | Subjects will receive 100 mcg morphine in their spinal anesthetic for cesarean section |
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| 150 micrograms spinal morphine | Experimental | Subjects will receive 150 mcg morphine in their spinal anesthetic for cesarean section |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Morphine | Drug | Morphine will be given via spinal injection at doses of 50, 100, 150 micrograms as part of a spinal anesthetic for cesarean section |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Milligrams of Intravenous Morphine Used by Participant in First 24 Hours Postoperatively | IV morphine use in milligrams, by participant-controlled analgesia will be assessed every 6 hours for 24 hours postoperatively. | 24 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain at 6 Hours | Visual analog pain scale measures pain on a 100 millimeter (mm) scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst pain imaginable" (100mm). Pain measured at rest and with movement. | 6 hours post-operatively |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Richard M Smiley, MD, PhD | Columbia University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| George Washington University Medical Center | Washington D.C. | District of Columbia | 20037 | United States | ||
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | 50 Micrograms Spinal Morphine | Subjects will receive 50 mcg morphine in their spinal anesthetic for cesarean section Morphine: Morphine will be given via spinal injection at doses of 50, 100, 150 micrograms as part of a spinal anesthetic for cesarean section After interim analysis, the genetics part of the analysis was dropped and the study completed. |
| FG001 | 100 mcg Spinal Morphine | Subjects will receive 100 mcg morphine in their spinal anesthetic for cesarean section Morphine: Morphine will be given via spinal injection at doses of 50, 100, 150 micrograms as part of a spinal anesthetic for cesarean section After interim analysis, the genetics part of the analysis was dropped and the study completed. |
| FG002 | 150 mcg Spinal Morphine | Subjects will receive 150 mcg morphine in their spinal anesthetic for cesarean section Morphine: Morphine will be given via spinal injection at doses of 50, 100, 150 micrograms as part of a spinal anesthetic for cesarean section After interim analysis, the genetics part of the analysis was dropped and the study completed. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | 50 Micrograms Spinal Morphine | these subjects will receive 50 mcg spinal morphine |
| BG001 | 100 Micrograms Spinal Morphine | these subjects will receive 100 mcg spinal morphine |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
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| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical | Count of Participants |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Milligrams of Intravenous Morphine Used by Participant in First 24 Hours Postoperatively | IV morphine use in milligrams, by participant-controlled analgesia will be assessed every 6 hours for 24 hours postoperatively. | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | Milligrams | 24 hours |
|
24 hours
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | 50 Micrograms Spinal Morphine | Subjects will receive 50 mcg morphine in their spinal anesthetic for cesarean section Morphine: Morphine will be given via spinal injection at doses of 50, 100, 150 micrograms as part of a spinal anesthetic for cesarean section After interim analysis, the genetics part of the analysis was dropped and the study completed and analyzed with 47 in this group |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richard Smiley, MD | Columbia University | 212-342-2742 | rms7@cumc.columbia.edu |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009020 | Morphine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009022 | Morphine Derivatives |
| D009019 | Morphinans |
| D053610 | Opiate Alkaloids |
| D000470 | Alkaloids |
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| Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain at 12 Hours |
Visual analog pain scale measures pain on a 100 millimeter (mm) scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst pain imaginable" (100mm). Pain measured at rest and with movement. |
| 12 hours post-operatively |
| Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain at 18 Hours | Visual analog pain scale measures pain on a 100 millimeter (mm) scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst pain imaginable" (100mm). Pain measured at rest and with movement. | 18 hours post-operatively |
| Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain at 24 Hours | Visual analog pain scale measures pain on a 100 millimeter (mm) scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst pain imaginable" (100mm). Pain measured at rest and with movement. | 24 hours post-operatively |
| Visual Analog Scale- Nausea/Vomiting at 6 Hours | Visual analog nausea/vomiting scale measures nausea and vomiting on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Nausea/Vomiting Imaginable" (100mm). | 6 hours post-operatively |
| Visual Analog Scale- Nausea/Vomiting at 12 Hours | Visual analog nausea/vomiting scale measures nausea and vomiting on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Nausea/Vomiting Imaginable" (100mm). | 12 hours post-operatively |
| Visual Analog Scale- Nausea/Vomiting at 18 Hours | Visual analog nausea/vomiting scale measures nausea and vomiting on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Nausea/Vomiting Imaginable" (100mm). | 18 hours post-operatively |
| Visual Analog Scale- Nausea/Vomiting at 24 Hours | Visual analog nausea/vomiting scale measures nausea and vomiting on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Nausea/Vomiting Imaginable" (100mm). | 24 hours post-operatively |
| Visual Analog Scale Pruritus (Itching) at 6 Hours | Visual analog pruritus scale measures itching on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Itching Imaginable" (100mm). | 6 hours post-operatively |
| Visual Analog Scale Pruritus (Itching) at 12 Hours | Visual analog pruritus scale measures itching on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Itching Imaginable" (100mm). | 12 hours post-operatively |
| Visual Analog Scale Pruritus (Itching) at 18 Hours | Visual analog pruritus scale measures itching on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Itching Imaginable" (100mm). | 18 hours post-operatively |
| Visual Analog Scale Pruritus (Itching) at 24 Hours | Visual analog pruritus scale measures itching on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Itching Imaginable" (100mm). | 24 hours post-operatively |
| Visual Analog Patient Satisfaction With Analgesia at 24 Hours | Visual analog patient satisfaction scale measures satisfaction with analgesia on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "Completely Dissatisfied" (0mm) and the other labeled "Completely Satisfied" (100mm). | 24 hours postoperatively |
| Columbia University Medical Center |
| New York |
| New York |
| 10032 |
| United States |
| BG002 | 150 Micrograms Spinal Morphine | these subjects will receive 150 mcg spinal morphine |
| BG003 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Participants |
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| Age, Continuous | Mean | Standard Deviation | years |
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| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
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| OG002 | 150 Micrograms Spinal Morphine | Subjects will receive 150 mcg morphine in their spinal anesthetic for cesarean section Morphine: Morphine will be given via spinal injection at doses of 50, 100, 150 micrograms as part of a spinal anesthetic for cesarean section |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain at 6 Hours | Visual analog pain scale measures pain on a 100 millimeter (mm) scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst pain imaginable" (100mm). Pain measured at rest and with movement. | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 6 hours post-operatively |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain at 12 Hours | Visual analog pain scale measures pain on a 100 millimeter (mm) scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst pain imaginable" (100mm). Pain measured at rest and with movement. | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 12 hours post-operatively |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain at 18 Hours | Visual analog pain scale measures pain on a 100 millimeter (mm) scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst pain imaginable" (100mm). Pain measured at rest and with movement. | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 18 hours post-operatively |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain at 24 Hours | Visual analog pain scale measures pain on a 100 millimeter (mm) scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst pain imaginable" (100mm). Pain measured at rest and with movement. | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 24 hours post-operatively |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Scale- Nausea/Vomiting at 6 Hours | Visual analog nausea/vomiting scale measures nausea and vomiting on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Nausea/Vomiting Imaginable" (100mm). | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 6 hours post-operatively |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Scale- Nausea/Vomiting at 12 Hours | Visual analog nausea/vomiting scale measures nausea and vomiting on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Nausea/Vomiting Imaginable" (100mm). | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 12 hours post-operatively |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Scale- Nausea/Vomiting at 18 Hours | Visual analog nausea/vomiting scale measures nausea and vomiting on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Nausea/Vomiting Imaginable" (100mm). | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 18 hours post-operatively |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Scale- Nausea/Vomiting at 24 Hours | Visual analog nausea/vomiting scale measures nausea and vomiting on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Nausea/Vomiting Imaginable" (100mm). | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 24 hours post-operatively |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Scale Pruritus (Itching) at 6 Hours | Visual analog pruritus scale measures itching on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Itching Imaginable" (100mm). | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 6 hours post-operatively |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Scale Pruritus (Itching) at 12 Hours | Visual analog pruritus scale measures itching on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Itching Imaginable" (100mm). | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 12 hours post-operatively |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Scale Pruritus (Itching) at 18 Hours | Visual analog pruritus scale measures itching on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Itching Imaginable" (100mm). | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 18 hours post-operatively |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Scale Pruritus (Itching) at 24 Hours | Visual analog pruritus scale measures itching on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "None" (0mm) and the other labeled "Worst Itching Imaginable" (100mm). | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 24 hours post-operatively |
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| Secondary | Visual Analog Patient Satisfaction With Analgesia at 24 Hours | Visual analog patient satisfaction scale measures satisfaction with analgesia on a 100mm scale. Participants make a mark on the scale with one end labeled "Completely Dissatisfied" (0mm) and the other labeled "Completely Satisfied" (100mm). | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | mm | 24 hours postoperatively |
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| 47 |
| 0 |
| 47 |
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| 47 |
| EG001 | 100 Micrograms Spinal Morphine | Subjects will receive 100 mcg morphine in their spinal anesthetic for cesarean section Morphine: Morphine will be given via spinal injection at doses of 50, 100, 150 micrograms as part of a spinal anesthetic for cesarean section After interim analysis, the genetics part of the analysis was dropped and the study completed and analyzed with 54 in this group | 0 | 54 | 0 | 54 | 0 | 54 |
| EG002 | 150 Micrograms Spinal Morphine | Subjects will receive 150 mcg morphine in their spinal anesthetic for cesarean section Morphine: Morphine will be given via spinal injection at doses of 50, 100, 150 micrograms as part of a spinal anesthetic for cesarean section After interim analysis, the genetics part of the analysis was dropped and the study completed and analyzed with 43 in this group | 0 | 43 | 0 | 43 | 0 | 43 |
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| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D006571 |
| Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D006572 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Bridged-Ring |
| D006576 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D010616 | Phenanthrenes |
| D011084 | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |
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