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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia | OTHER |
| The Stroke Association, United Kingdom | OTHER |
| Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e Tecnológico | OTHER_GOV |
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ENCHANTED is an independent, investigator initiated, international collaborative, quasi-factorial randomised controlled trial involving a package of 2 linked comparative randomised treatment arms, which aims to address 4 key questions in patients eligible for thrombolysis in the acute phase of ischaemic stroke. (1) Does low-dose (0.6 mg/kg) intravenous (i.v.) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) provide equivalent benefits compared to standard-dose (0.9 mg/kg) rtPA? (2) Does intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering (130-140 mmHg systolic target) improve outcomes compared to the current guideline recommended level of BP control (180 mmHg systolic target)? (3) Does low-dose (0.6 mg/kg) intravenous (i.v.) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) reduce the risk of symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH)? (4) Does the addition of intensive BP lowering to thrombolysis with rtPA reduce the risk of any intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH)?
The rtPA dose arm of the study addressing questions (1) and (3) concluded with a publication of the results in May 2016. The BP intensity arm of the study addressing questions (2) and (4) concluded with a publication of the results in February 2019.
This study is an international, multicentre, prospective, fixed-time point (optional) randomisation for two arms ([A] 'dose of rtPA' and [B] 'level of BP control'), open-label, blinded endpoint (PROBE) controlled trial that involved 4587 patients (3310 for rtPA arm {recruitment completed in August 2015} and 2227 for BP arm {recruitment completed in April 2018} with 939 overlap) with acute ischaemic stroke recruited from over 100+ Clinical Centres from Australia, Asia, Europe and South America.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Low-dose rtPA (Recruitment completed in August 2015) | Experimental | low-dose 0.6 mg/kg (maximum of 60 mg) i.v. rtPA |
|
| Standard-dose rtPA (Recruitment completed in August 2015) | Active Comparator | standard-dose 0.9 mg/kg (maximum of 90 mg) i.v. rtPA |
|
| Early intensive BP lowering | Experimental | The trial is an assessment of BP lowering management strategies, using routinely available drugs. Intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering to a target systolic BP range 130-140 mmHg within one hour and to maintain this level for at least 72 hours (or until hospital discharge or death if this should occur earlier). A standardised i.v. BP lowering regimen using locally available and approved i.v. BP lowering agents (e.g. Labetalol Hydrochloride, Metoprolol tartrate, Hydralazine Hydrochloride, Glycerol Trinitrate, Phentolamine mesylate, Nicardipine, Urapidil, Esmolol, Clonidine, Enalaprilat, Nitroprusside) will be used, commenced in the emergency department and later in a high dependency area (e.g. acute stroke or neurointensive care unit) as is usual for patients receiving rtPA. |
|
| Control / guideline-based BP management | Active Comparator | The trial is an assessment of BP lowering management strategies, using routinely available drugs. Patients allocated to the control group will receive management of BP that is based on a standard guideline, as published by the American Heart Association (AHA). For this group, the attending clinician may consider commencing BP treatment if the systolic level is greater than 180 mmHg, however and the first line treatment will be oral (including nasogastric if required) and/or transdermal routes. Should control of systolic BP not be achieved via these routes, i.v. treatment may be started until the target systolic BP of 180 mmHg is achieved. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low-dose rtPA | Drug | Patients allocated to low-dose will receive 0.6 mg/kg (maximum of 60 mg) i.v. (15% bolus [maximum bolus dose of 9mg] and 85% infusion over 60 mins) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Combined death and disability | Unadjusted modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 2-6 | 90 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage | Brain imaging (or necropsy) confirmed ICH with deterioration in NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score or death, as defined by the SITS-MOST criteria | 36 hours |
| Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Specific criteria for arm [A] of low-dose vs standard-dose rtPA (Recruitment completed in August 2015.):
Specific criteria for arm [B] of intensive BP lowering vs guideline recommended BP control
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Craig S Anderson, MD | The George Institute | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Royal Prince Alfred Hospital | Sydney | New South Wales | 2050 | Australia |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26283139 | Background | Anderson CS, Woodward M, Arima H, Chen X, Lindley RI, Wang X, Chalmers J; ENCHANTED Investigators. Statistical analysis plan for evaluating low- vs. standard-dose alteplase in the ENhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis strokE stuDy (ENCHANTED). Int J Stroke. 2015 Dec;10(8):1313-5. doi: 10.1111/ijs.12602. Epub 2015 Aug 18. | |
| 25832995 |
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Data sharing upon approval through formal application to the Research Office of The George Institute for Global Health, Australia
available
approved protocol, ethics committee and data sharing agreement
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Not provided
| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot | Yes | No | No | Study Protocol | Feb 16, 2017 | Mar 4, 2019 | Prot_000.pdf |
| SAP | No | Yes | No | Statistical Analysis Plan | Sep 10, 2018 | Mar 4, 2019 | SAP_001.pdf |
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000083242 | Ischemic Stroke |
| D006973 | Hypertension |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020521 | Stroke |
| D002561 | Cerebrovascular Disorders |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010959 | Tissue Plasminogen Activator |
| D007741 | Labetalol |
| D008790 | Metoprolol |
| D006830 | Hydralazine |
| D005996 | Nitroglycerin |
| D010646 | Phentolamine |
| D009529 | Nicardipine |
| C015568 | urapidil |
| C036604 | esmolol |
| D003000 | Clonidine |
| D015773 | Enalaprilat |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012697 | Serine Endopeptidases |
| D010450 | Endopeptidases |
| D010447 | Peptide Hydrolases |
| D006867 | Hydrolases |
Not provided
Not provided
| Takeda | INDUSTRY |
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|
|
| Standard-dose rtPA | Drug | Patients allocated to standard-dose will receive 0.9 mg/kg (maximum of 90 mg) i.v. (10% bolus and 90% infusion over 60 mins) rtPA. |
|
|
| Intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering | Other | Intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering to a target systolic BP range 130-140 mmHg within one hour and to maintain this level for at least 72 hours (or until hospital discharge or death if this should occur earlier). A standardised i.v. BP lowering regimen using locally available and approved i.v. BP lowering agents will be used, commenced in the emergency department and later in a high dependency area (e.g. acute stroke or neurointensive care unit) as is usual for patients receiving rtPA. The trial is an assessment of BP lowering management strategies, using routinely available drugs. There is some flexibility in the use of particular BP lowering agents to achieve BP targets. |
|
|
| BP management policies | Other | Patients allocated to the control group will receive management of BP that is based on a standard guideline, as published by the AHA. For this group, the attending clinician may consider commencing BP treatment if the systolic level is greater than 180 mmHg, however and the first line treatment will be oral (including nasogastric if required) and/or transdermal routes. Should control of systolic BP not be achieved via these routes, i.v. treatment may be started until the target systolic BP of 180 mmHg is achieved. The trial is an assessment of BP lowering management strategies, using routinely available drugs. There is some flexibility in the use of particular BP lowering agents to achieve BP targets. |
|
|
Brain imaging (or necropsy) confirmed ICH with deterioration in NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score or death, as defined by the NINDS trial criteria
| 36 hours |
| Death or disability by the alternative, ordinal shift analysis | Unadjusted death or functional outcome by the alternative ordinal shift analysis of scores on the modified Rankin Scale [mRS] | 90 days |
| Death | Death and 7 and 90 days | at 7 and 90 days |
| Disability | mRS score 2-5 | 90 days |
| Neurological deterioration | deterioration in NIHSS score | 72 hours |
| Health-related quality of life | Health-related quality of life by the EuroQoL | 90 days |
| Admission to residential care | 90 days |
| Health service use | Health service use for calculation of resources and costs | 90 days |
| Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) | By various other centrally adjudicated criteria, including ECASS2, ECASS3, IST-3 criteria, and fatal ICH within 7 days | within 7 days |
| Any intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) | Centrally adjudicated review of brain imaging for any evidence of ICH | any time during 90 days |
| Death or disability in as treated per-protocol population | Adjusted death or functional outcome by the binary and alternative ordinal shift analysis of scores on the modified Rankin Scale [mRS] | 90 days |
| Death or disability in as treated per-protocol population | Adjusted analysis of the modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 2-6 | 90 days |
| Death or neurological deterioration | Death or neurological deterioration (defined by 4 points or more increase in NIHSS score from baseline) | 72 hours |
| Length of initial acute hospital stay | Length of hospital stay in days | within 90 days |
| Recurrent acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke | Recurrent acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke | within 90 days |
| Huang Y, Sharma VK, Robinson T, Lindley RI, Chen X, Kim JS, Lavados P, Olavarria V, Arima H, Fuentes S, Nguyen HT, Lee TH, Parsons MW, Levi C, Demchuk AM, Bath PM, Broderick JP, Donnan GA, Martins S, Pontes-Neto OM, Silva F, Pandian J, Ricci S, Stapf C, Woodward M, Wang J, Chalmers J, Anderson CS; ENCHANTED investigators. Rationale, design, and progress of the ENhanced Control of Hypertension ANd Thrombolysis strokE stuDy (ENCHANTED) trial: An international multicenter 2 x 2 quasi-factorial randomized controlled trial of low- vs. standard-dose rt-PA and early intensive vs. guideline-recommended blood pressure lowering in patients with acute ischaemic stroke eligible for thrombolysis treatment. Int J Stroke. 2015 Jul;10(5):778-88. doi: 10.1111/ijs.12486. Epub 2015 Apr 2. |
| 30299230 | Background | Anderson CS, Woodward M, Arima H, Chen X, Lindley RI, Wang X, Chalmers J, Robinson TG. Statistical analysis plan for evaluating different intensities of blood pressure control in the ENhanced Control of Hypertension And Thrombolysis strokE stuDy. Int J Stroke. 2019 Jul;14(5):555-558. doi: 10.1177/1747493018806170. Epub 2018 Oct 9. |
| 27161018 | Result | Anderson CS, Robinson T, Lindley RI, Arima H, Lavados PM, Lee TH, Broderick JP, Chen X, Chen G, Sharma VK, Kim JS, Thang NH, Cao Y, Parsons MW, Levi C, Huang Y, Olavarria VV, Demchuk AM, Bath PM, Donnan GA, Martins S, Pontes-Neto OM, Silva F, Ricci S, Roffe C, Pandian J, Billot L, Woodward M, Li Q, Wang X, Wang J, Chalmers J; ENCHANTED Investigators and Coordinators. Low-Dose versus Standard-Dose Intravenous Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jun 16;374(24):2313-23. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1515510. Epub 2016 May 10. |
| 30739745 | Result | Anderson CS, Huang Y, Lindley RI, Chen X, Arima H, Chen G, Li Q, Billot L, Delcourt C, Bath PM, Broderick JP, Demchuk AM, Donnan GA, Durham AC, Lavados PM, Lee TH, Levi C, Martins SO, Olavarria VV, Pandian JD, Parsons MW, Pontes-Neto OM, Ricci S, Sato S, Sharma VK, Silva F, Song L, Thang NH, Wardlaw JM, Wang JG, Wang X, Woodward M, Chalmers J, Robinson TG; ENCHANTED Investigators and Coordinators. Intensive blood pressure reduction with intravenous thrombolysis therapy for acute ischaemic stroke (ENCHANTED): an international, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2019 Mar 2;393(10174):877-888. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30038-8. Epub 2019 Feb 7. |
| 41192975 | Derived | Liu F, Ren X, Chen C, Ouyang M, Li Q, Wang X, Zhang G, Zhang L, Liu L, You S, Lindley RI, Robinson T, Sui Y, Li G, Anderson C, Song L; ENCHANTED Investigators. Early blood pressure lowering and cerebral oedema in thrombolysis-treated stroke: secondary analysis of the ENCHANTED trial. Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2025 Nov 4:svn-2025-004463. doi: 10.1136/svn-2025-004463. Online ahead of print. |
| 41131698 | Derived | Zhou Z, Ge Y, Yoshimura S, Torii-Yoshimura T, Sakamoto Y, Liu X, Carcel C, Chen X, Liu L, Parsons M, Mair G, Lindley RI, Wardlaw J, Anderson CS, Delcourt C. Intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke and cerebral microbleeds: Results from the ENCHANTED trial. Int J Stroke. 2026 Jun;21(5):657-666. doi: 10.1177/17474930251392751. Epub 2025 Oct 23. |
| 40177745 | Derived | Zhang G, Chen C, Ren X, Zhao Y, Ouyang M, Billot L, Li Q, Wang X, Zhang L, Ong S, Liu L, You S, Lindley RI, Robinson TG, Li G, Chen X, Sui Y, Anderson CS, Song L; ENCHANTED Investigators. Effects of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on Brain Swelling in Thrombolyzed Acute Ischemic Stroke: The ENCHANTED Results. Stroke. 2025 Jun;56(6):1388-1395. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.124.049938. Epub 2025 Apr 3. |
| 39541551 | Derived | Wang Y, Maeda T, You S, Chen C, Liu L, Zhou Z, Robinson TG, Lindley RI, Delcourt C, Mair G, Wardlaw JM, Chalmers JP, Arima H, Huang Y, Kim JS, Lavados PM, Lee TH, Levi C, Parsons MW, Martins SC, Pandian JD, Pontes-Neto OM, Sharma VK, Nguyen TH, Wang J, Wu S, Liu M, Anderson CS, Chen X; ENCHANTED Investigators. Patterns and Clinical Implications of Hemorrhagic Transformation After Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Results From the ENCHANTED Study. Neurology. 2024 Dec 10;103(11):e210020. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000210020. Epub 2024 Nov 14. |
| 39258531 | Derived | You S, Wang Y, Wang X, Maeda T, Ouyang M, Han Q, Li Q, Song L, Zhao Y, Chen C, Delcourt C, Ren X, Carcel C, Zhou Z, Cao Y, Liu CF, Zheng D, Arima H, Robinson TG, Chen X, Lindley RI, Chalmers J, Anderson CS. Twenty-Four-Hour Post-Thrombolysis NIHSS Score As the Strongest Prognostic Predictor After Acute Ischemic Stroke: ENCHANTED Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024 Sep 17;13(18):e036109. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.036109. Epub 2024 Sep 11. |
| 36939933 | Derived | Wang X, You S, Zhou Z, Delcourt C, Wardlaw J, Mair G, Robinson T, Chen X, Yoshimura S, Torii-Yoshimura T, Carcel C, Malavera A, Anderson C, Lindley RI. Baseline brain imaging signs in patients with ischaemic stroke by the presence of atrial fibrillation: the ENCHANTED trial. J Neurol. 2023 May;270(5):2567-2575. doi: 10.1007/s00415-023-11580-x. Epub 2023 Mar 20. |
| 36820100 | Derived | Chen C, Ouyang M, Ong S, Zhang L, Zhang G, Delcourt C, Mair G, Liu L, Billot L, Li Q, Chen X, Parsons M, Broderick JP, Demchuk AM, Bath PM, Donnan GA, Levi C, Chalmers J, Lindley RI, Martins SO, Pontes-Neto OM, Venturelli PM, Olavarria V, Lavados P, Robinson TG, Wardlaw JM, Li G, Wang X, Song L, Anderson CS. Effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on cerebral ischaemia in thrombolysed patients: insights from the ENCHANTED trial. EClinicalMedicine. 2023 Feb 15;57:101849. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101849. eCollection 2023 Mar. |
| 34702064 | Derived | Wang X, Minhas JS, Moullaali TJ, Di Tanna GL, Lindley RI, Chen X, Arima H, Chen G, Delcourt C, Bath PM, Broderick JP, Demchuk AM, Donnan GA, Durham AC, Lavados PM, Lee TH, Levi C, Martins SO, Olavarria VV, Pandian JD, Parsons MW, Pontes-Neto OM, Ricci S, Sato S, Sharma VK, Silva F, Thang NH, Wang JG, Woodward M, Chalmers J, Song L, Anderson CS, Robinson TG; ENCHANTED Investigators. Associations of Early Systolic Blood Pressure Control and Outcome After Thrombolysis-Eligible Acute Ischemic Stroke: Results From the ENCHANTED Study. Stroke. 2022 Mar;53(3):779-787. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.034580. Epub 2021 Oct 27. |
| 34096413 | Derived | Zhou Z, Xia C, Mair G, Delcourt C, Yoshimura S, Liu X, Chen Z, Malavera A, Carcel C, Chen X, Wang X, Al-Shahi Salman R, Robinson TG, Lindley RI, Chalmers J, Wardlaw JM, Parsons MW, Demchuk AM, Anderson CS. Thrombolysis outcomes according to arterial characteristics of acute ischemic stroke by alteplase dose and blood pressure target. Int J Stroke. 2022 Jun;17(5):566-575. doi: 10.1177/17474930211025436. Epub 2021 Jun 24. |
| 33536271 | Derived | Zhou Z, Delcourt C, Xia C, Yoshimura S, Carcel C, Torii-Yoshimura T, You S, Malavera A, Chen X, Hackett ML, Woodward M, Chalmers J, Xu J, Robinson TG, Parsons MW, Demchuk AM, Lindley RI, Mair G, Wardlaw JM, Anderson CS. Low-Dose vs Standard-Dose Alteplase in Acute Lacunar Ischemic Stroke: The ENCHANTED Trial. Neurology. 2021 Mar 16;96(11):e1512-e1526. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011598. Epub 2021 Feb 3. |
| 33526633 | Derived | Sun L, Song L, Yang J, Lindley RI, Robinson T, Lavados PM, Delcourt C, Arima H, Ovbiagele B, Chalmers J, Anderson CS, Wang X. Smoking influences outcome in patients who had thrombolysed ischaemic stroke: the ENCHANTED study. Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2021 Sep;6(3):395-401. doi: 10.1136/svn-2020-000493. Epub 2021 Feb 1. |
| 33069172 | Derived | Zhou Z, Xia C, Carcel C, Yoshimura S, Wang X, Delcourt C, Malavera A, Chen X, Mair G, Woodward M, Chalmers J, Demchuk AM, Lindley RI, Robinson TG, Parsons MW, Wardlaw JM, Anderson CS. Intensive versus guideline-recommended blood pressure reduction in acute lacunar stroke with intravenous thrombolysis therapy: The ENCHANTED trial. Eur J Neurol. 2021 Mar;28(3):783-793. doi: 10.1111/ene.14598. Epub 2020 Dec 1. |
| 33031175 | Derived | Minhas JS, Wang X, Lindley RI, Delcourt C, Song L, Woodward M, Lee TH, Broderick JP, Pontes-Neto OM, Kim JS, Ricci S, Lavados PM, Bath PM, Durham AC, Wang JG, Sharma VK, Demchuk AM, Martins SO, Chalmers J, Anderson CS, Robinson TG; ENCHANTED Investigators. Comparative effects of intensive-blood pressure versus standard-blood pressure-lowering treatment in patients with severe ischemic stroke in the ENCHANTED trial. J Hypertens. 2021 Feb 1;39(2):280-285. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000002640. |
| 32640944 | Derived | Wang X, Moullaali TJ, Li Q, Berge E, Robinson TG, Lindley R, Zheng D, Delcourt C, Arima H, Song L, Chen X, Yang J, Chalmers J, Anderson CS, Sandset EC. Utility-Weighted Modified Rankin Scale Scores for the Assessment of Stroke Outcome: Pooled Analysis of 20 000+ Patients. Stroke. 2020 Aug;51(8):2411-2417. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.028523. Epub 2020 Jul 9. |
| 32568636 | Derived | Zhou Z, Yoshimura S, Delcourt C, Lindley RI, You S, Malavera A, Torii-Yoshimura T, Carcel C, Wang X, Chen X, Parsons MW, Demchuk AM, Wardlaw JM, Mair G, Robinson TG, Chalmers J, Xu J, Anderson CS. Thrombolysis Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke by Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Hyperintense Arteries. Stroke. 2020 Jul;51(7):2240-2243. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.028550. Epub 2020 Jun 17. |
| 31969072 | Derived | Chen X, Li J, Anderson CS, Lindley RI, Hackett ML, Robinson T, Lavados PM, Wang X, Arima H, Chalmers J, Delcourt C; ENCHANTED Investigators. Validation of the simplified modified Rankin scale for stroke trials: Experience from the ENCHANTED alteplase-dose arm. Int J Stroke. 2021 Feb;16(2):222-228. doi: 10.1177/1747493019897858. Epub 2020 Jan 22. |
| 31822251 | Derived | Chen X, Wang X, Delcourt C, Li J, Arima H, Hackett ML, Robinson T, Lavados PM, Lindley RI, Chalmers J, Anderson CS; ENCHANTED Investigators. Ethnicity and Other Determinants of Quality of Functional Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke: The ENCHANTED Trial. Stroke. 2020 Feb;51(2):588-593. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.027639. Epub 2019 Dec 11. |
| 31812956 | Derived | Wang X, Song L, Yang J, Sun L, Moullaali TJ, Sandset EC, Delcourt C, Lindley RI, Robinson TG, Minhas JS, Arima H, Chalmers J, Kim JS, Sharma V, Wang JG, Pontes-Neto O, Lavados PM, Olavarria VV, Lee TH, Levi C, Martins SO, Thang NH, Anderson CS; on behalf of the ENCHANTED Investigators. Interaction of Blood Pressure Lowering and Alteplase Dose in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Results of the Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2019;48(3-6):207-216. doi: 10.1159/000504745. Epub 2019 Dec 6. |
| 30961463 | Derived | Robinson TG, Bray BD, Paley L, Sprigg N, Wang X, Arima H, Bath PM, Broderick JP, Durham AC, Kim JS, Lavados PM, Lee TH, Martins S, Nguyen TH, Pandian JD, Parsons MW, Pontes-Neto OM, Ricci S, Sharma VK, Wang J, Woodward M, Rudd AG, Chalmers J, S Anderson C; ENCHANTED Investigators and the SSNAP Collaboration. Applicability of ENCHANTED trial results to current acute ischemic stroke patients eligible for intravenous thrombolysis in England and Wales: Comparison with the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme registry. Int J Stroke. 2019 Oct;14(7):678-685. doi: 10.1177/1747493019841246. Epub 2019 Apr 8. |
| 30760277 | Derived | Robinson TG, Wang X, Durham AC, Ford GA, Liao J, Littlewood S, Roffe C, White P, Chalmers J, Anderson CS; ENCHANTED Investigators. The National Institute for Health Research Hyperacute Stroke Research Centres and the ENCHANTED trial: the impact of enhanced research infrastructure on trial metrics and patient outcomes. Health Res Policy Syst. 2019 Feb 13;17(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s12961-019-0417-2. |
| 30266885 | Derived | Yoshimura S, Lindley RI, Carcel C, Sato S, Delcourt C, Wang X, Chalmers J, Anderson CS; ENCHANTED Investigators. NIHSS cut point for predicting outcome in supra- vs infratentorial acute ischemic stroke. Neurology. 2018 Oct 30;91(18):e1695-e1701. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000006437. Epub 2018 Sep 28. |
| 29777016 | Derived | Nagel S, Wang X, Carcel C, Robinson T, Lindley RI, Chalmers J, Anderson CS; ENCHANTED Investigators. Clinical Utility of Electronic Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score Software in the ENCHANTED Trial Database. Stroke. 2018 Jun;49(6):1407-1411. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.019863. Epub 2018 May 18. |
| 29571842 | Derived | Chen G, Wang X, Robinson TG, Pikkemaat M, Lindley RI, Zhou S, Ping L, Liu W, Liu L, Chalmers J, Anderson CS; ENCHANTED Investigators. Comparative effects of low-dose versus standard-dose alteplase in ischemic patients with prior stroke and/or diabetes mellitus: The ENCHANTED trial. J Neurol Sci. 2018 Apr 15;387:1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.01.014. Epub 2018 Jan 11. |
| 29402064 | Derived | Kim JS, Kim YJ, Lee KB, Cha JK, Park JM, Hwang Y, Kim EG, Rha JH, Koo J, Kim J, Kim YJ, Seo WK, Kim DE, Robinson TG, Lindley RI, Wang X, Chalmers J, Anderson CS. Low- versus Standard-Dose Intravenous Alteplase in the Context of Bridging Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Korean ENCHANTED Study. J Stroke. 2018 Jan;20(1):131-139. doi: 10.5853/jos.2017.01578. Epub 2018 Jan 31. |
| 29185557 | Derived | Xu Y, Hackett ML, Chalmers J, Lindley RI, Wang X, Li Q, Robinson T, Arima H, Lavados PM, Anderson CS; ENCHANTED Study Group. Frequency, determinants, and effects of early seizures after thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke: The ENCHANTED trial. Neurol Clin Pract. 2017 Aug;7(4):324-332. doi: 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000384. |
| 28973174 | Derived | Wang X, Robinson TG, Lee TH, Li Q, Arima H, Bath PM, Billot L, Broderick J, Demchuk AM, Donnan G, Kim JS, Lavados P, Lindley RI, Martins SO, Olavarria VV, Pandian JD, Parsons MW, Pontes-Neto OM, Ricci S, Sharma VK, Thang NH, Wang JG, Woodward M, Anderson CS, Chalmers J; Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study (ENCHANTED) Investigators. Low-Dose vs Standard-Dose Alteplase for Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: Secondary Analysis of the ENCHANTED Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Neurol. 2017 Nov 1;74(11):1328-1335. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.2286. |
| 28739832 | Derived | Carr SJ, Wang X, Olavarria VV, Lavados PM, Rodriguez JA, Kim JS, Lee TH, Lindley RI, Pontes-Neto OM, Ricci S, Sato S, Sharma VK, Woodward M, Chalmers J, Anderson CS, Robinson TG; ENCHANTED Investigators. Influence of Renal Impairment on Outcome for Thrombolysis-Treated Acute Ischemic Stroke: ENCHANTED (Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study) Post Hoc Analysis. Stroke. 2017 Sep;48(9):2605-2609. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.017808. Epub 2017 Jul 24. |
| 28619989 | Derived | Robinson TG, Wang X, Arima H, Bath PM, Billot L, Broderick JP, Demchuk AM, Donnan GA, Kim JS, Lavados PM, Lee TH, Lindley RI, Martins SCO, Olavarria VV, Pandian JD, Parsons MW, Pontes-Neto OM, Ricci S, Sato S, Sharma VK, Nguyen TH, Wang JG, Woodward M, Chalmers J, Anderson CS; ENCHANTED Investigators. Low- Versus Standard-Dose Alteplase in Patients on Prior Antiplatelet Therapy: The ENCHANTED Trial (Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study). Stroke. 2017 Jul;48(7):1877-1883. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.016274. Epub 2017 Jun 15. |
| D009422 |
| Nervous System Diseases |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D004798 |
| Enzymes |
| D045762 | Enzymes and Coenzymes |
| D057057 | Serine Proteases |
| D010960 | Plasminogen Activators |
| D001779 | Blood Coagulation Factors |
| D001798 | Blood Proteins |
| D011506 | Proteins |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |
| D001685 | Biological Factors |
| D004983 | Ethanolamines |
| D000605 | Amino Alcohols |
| D000438 | Alcohols |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D012457 | Salicylamides |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D000588 | Amines |
| D050198 | Phenoxypropanolamines |
| D011412 | Propanolamines |
| D020005 | Propanols |
| D010793 | Phthalazines |
| D011724 | Pyridazines |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D009574 | Nitro Compounds |
| D007093 | Imidazoles |
| D001393 | Azoles |
| D004095 | Dihydropyridines |
| D011725 | Pyridines |
| D048288 | Imidazolines |
| D004656 | Enalapril |
| D004151 | Dipeptides |
| D009842 | Oligopeptides |
| D010455 | Peptides |