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The purpose of this study is to see if individuals with HIV-infection, particularly those with increased belly fat, have abnormalities in the renin angiotensin aldosterone axis. Renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone are hormones that regulate salt and water balance in the body, and they may also have effects on sugar metabolism and cardiovascular health. There is some evidence that individuals with HIV-associated abdominal fat accumulation may have increased aldosterone, which may contribute to abnormalities in sugar metabolism and increased cardiovascular disease seen in HIV. The purpose of this study is the measure renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone activity, as well as other hormonal axes, in people with and without HIV infection, and with and without increased belly fat. The investigators hypothesize that aldosterone will be increased in HIV-infected individuals compared to those without HIV-infection, and that aldosterone will be further increased in HIV-infected individuals with increased abdominal fat compared to those without abdominal fat accumulation.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-infected Individuals |
| ||
| non-HIV-infected Individuals |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angiotensin II Infusion | Drug | Angiotensin II (Bachem) will be infused at 0.3 ng/kg/min for 30 minutes, then 1.0 ng/kg/min for 30 minutes, then 3.0 ng/kg/min for 30 minutes; at baseline and at each infusion concentration, serum aldosterone will be measured. BP and heart rate will be monitored at baseline and every 2 minutes during the infusion. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| 24-hour urine aldosterone to creatinine ratio | baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Plasma Renin Activity | baseline | |
| Aldosterone response to Angiotensin II Infusion | baseline | |
| Flow mediated dilation |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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50 HIV-infected and 50 non-HIV-infected male and female volunteers, ages 18-65 years old.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massachusetts General Hospital | Boston | Massachusetts | 02114 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31298286 | Derived | Bogorodskaya M, Fitch KV, Burdo TH, Maehler P, Easly RM, Murray GR, Feldpausch M, Adler GK, Grinspoon SK, Srinivasa S. Serum Lipocalin 2 (Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin) in Relation to Biomarkers of Inflammation and Cardiac Stretch During Activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Human Immunodeficiency Virus. J Infect Dis. 2019 Sep 26;220(9):1420-1424. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz346. | |
| 29408981 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000163 | Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015658 | HIV Infections |
| D000086982 | Blood-Borne Infections |
| D003141 | Communicable Diseases |
| D007239 | Infections |
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|
| baseline |
| Intramyocellular Lipid | baseline |
| Hepatic fat | baseline |
| Insulin stimulated glucose uptake | baseline |
| Derived |
| Murphy CA, Fitch KV, Feldpausch M, Maehler P, Wong K, Torriani M, Adler GK, Grinspoon SK, Srinivasa S. Excessive Adiposity and Metabolic Dysfunction Relate to Reduced Natriuretic Peptide During RAAS Activation in HIV. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Apr 1;103(4):1558-1565. doi: 10.1210/jc.2017-02198. |
| 28514281 | Derived | O'Malley TK, Burdo TH, Robinson JA, Fitch KV, Grinspoon SK, Srinivasa S. Acute hyperinsulinemia effects on systemic markers of immune activation in HIV. AIDS. 2017 Jul 31;31(12):1771-1773. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001545. |
| 27549584 | Derived | Srinivasa S, Burdo TH, Williams KC, Mitten EK, Wong K, Fitch KV, Stanley T, Adler GK, Grinspoon SK. Effects of Sodium Restriction on Activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and Immune Indices During HIV Infection. J Infect Dis. 2016 Nov 1;214(9):1336-1340. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw392. Epub 2016 Aug 22. |
| 26086328 | Derived | Srinivasa S, Fitch KV, Wong K, Torriani M, Mayhew C, Stanley T, Lo J, Adler GK, Grinspoon SK. RAAS Activation Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Resistance Among HIV-infected Patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Aug;100(8):2873-82. doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-1461. Epub 2015 Jun 18. |
| D015229 |
| Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral |
| D012749 | Sexually Transmitted Diseases |
| D016180 | Lentivirus Infections |
| D012192 | Retroviridae Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D014777 | Virus Diseases |
| D012897 | Slow Virus Diseases |
| D000091662 | Genital Diseases |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D007153 | Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |