Breast conserving therapy (BCT) is the standard treatment for intraductal or invasive breast cancer patients. However cosmetic results, e.g. symmetry and nipple displacement, are sometimes poor reducing the quality of life. The use of immediate techniques for oncoplastic surgery (iTOP) seems to improve subjective cosmetic outcome. Oncologic safety of iTOP has been demonstrated by several authors using restrospective analyses. However, no prospective observational trial has been done to objectively evaluate cosmetic and oncologic outcome comparing BCT with iTOP. The aim of this study is to investigate this issue within a prospective non randomized observational trial at the Medical University Vienna.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients scheduled for unilateral breast conserving surgery due to cancer or a suspicious lesion, in whom >10%* of breast volume (measured by mammograms using a defined formular 37) has to be removed or breast cancer patients scheduled for mastectomy and immediate reconstruction (immediate or delayed contralateral correction is allowed)
• BIRADS IV, V or VI are eligible
• > 18 years of age
• Psychological and physical capable of understanding and performing the trial
• Signed written informed consent * If oncologic safety necessitates to resect more than half of one breast quadrant

Exclusion Criteria:

• Inflammatory breast cancer
• Progression after neoadjuvant therapy
• Pregnant women
• Patients unable to perform surgery under general anaesthesia
• Bilateral breast lesions

Patients with a BIRADS IV, V or VI breast lesion are preoperatively asked to take part in this study if more than 10% of breast tissue will be excised or mastectomy and immediate reconstruction is planned. Patients with planned mastectomy without immediate reconstruction are not included. Patients scheduled for breast conservation can decide whether they undergo regular breast conservation (BCT) or BCT using immediate techniques of oncoplastic surgery (iTOP). A contralateral correction may be performed in both groups at any time of the trial. The use of a contralateral correction of patients without an immediate oncoplastic procedure does not initiate a change into the other group (intention to treat analyses).