Lapatinib With Carboplatin and Paclitaxel in Esophagus and Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ)

Phase I/II Pilot Study of Lapatinib in Combination With Carboplatin and Paclitaxel in the Treatment of Recurrent/Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus and Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ)

RATIONALE: Since lapatinib inhibits both EGFR and HER2 receptors, it is an attractive agent for the treatment of esophageal and GEJ tumors.

PURPOSE: Lapatinib is currently approved for HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer in combination with capecitabine or letrozole. It is hoped that by giving lapatinib and carboplatin and paclitaxel together, their combined effects will further slow or stop the cancer cells from growing.

OBJECTIVES:

1. Phase I: To assess the toxicity and feasibility of the addition of lapatinib to carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with recurrent/metastatic adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction.
2. Phase II: To assess the response rate to this regimen.

OUTLINE:

1. There will be an initial phase I safety cohort studies requiring up to 12 patients, followed by a phase II cohort using the lapatinib dose defined in phase I. Carboplatin and paclitaxel doses will not be escalated.

   The initial dose of lapatinib of 750 mg daily by mouth will be given to 6 patients. There will be no dose escalation of the lapatinib above 1000 mg daily. The lapatinib dose for the phase II cohort of this trial will be based only on toxicities experienced during the first cycle (3 weeks) of treatment.

2. Phase II: Once the optimal lapatinib dose has been chosen, all remaining patients will initiate treatment at this dose level. Patients with stable or responding disease after 6 cycles will continue treatment with lapatinib alone until progression of disease or intolerable side effects. Feasibility, toxicity and response rate of this combination will be assessed.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 43 patients will be accrued for this study.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients must have a histologic diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, or gastroesophageal junction based on biopsy material or adequate cytologic exam.
• Patients must have incurable metastatic or recurrent adenocarcinoma of esophagus or gastroesophageal junction.
• Patients must have an ECOG performance status of 0-1.
• Patients must have adequate bone marrow function as evidence by: absolute neutrophil count > 1500/uL, and platelet count > 100,000/uL
• Patients must have adequate renal function as evidenced by a Cockcroft-Gault calculated creatinine clearance > 30 mL/min.
• Patient must have adequate hepatic function as evidenced by: serum total bilirubin < 2.0 mg/dl, and AST/ALT < 3 X the institutional upper limit of normal. Patients with an elevated unconjugated bilirubin (Gilbert's syndrome) will be eligible if hepatic enzymes and function are otherwise completely normal (AST/ALT/Alk Phos within normal limits), and there is no evidence of hemolysis.
• Patients must have cardiac ejection fraction > 50% as measured by echocardiogram or MUGA scan.
• Patient must agree to stop medications or substances known to affect, or with the potential to affect the activity or pharmacokinetics of lapatinib. (See Appendix I).
• Patients must be able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements.
• Patients must have measurable/evaluable disease as per RECIST 1.1 criteria.
• Tumor must be tested for HER2 and EGFR before patient registration.
• Patients of childbearing potential must agree to use an effective form of contraception during the study and for 90 days following the last dose of study medication (an effective form of contraception is an oral contraceptive or a double barrier method).
• Patients must be >18 years old.
• Women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test prior to enrollment.
• Patients must have a life expectancy >12 weeks.
• Patients must be able to tolerate oral (or feeding-tube administered) medications.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with any other diagnosis except for adenocarcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, lymphoma, etc) will be ineligible.
• Patients with another active malignancy within the last 5 years will not be eligible except for curatively treated basal cell carcinoma of the skin, cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia, or localized prostate cancer with PSA <1.0 mg/dL on 2 successive evaluations at least 3 months apart, with the most recent evaluation within 4 weeks of entry.
• Patients may not have had any previous chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic disease and no chemotherapy or radiation therapy within the past 4 weeks.
• Patients may not have received any previous treatment with carboplatin, paclitaxel, or a HER2 or EGFR inhibitor prior to enrollment.
• Patients may not be receiving any other investigational agents or other concurrent anticancer therapy.
• Patients with brain metastases are excluded.
• Patients with > grade 2 peripheral neuropathy per NCI's Common Toxicity Criteria Version 4.0 will be ineligible.
• Males with QTc > 450 or females with QTc > 470msec will be ineligible.
• Patients with active cardiac disease are excluded including current uncontrolled or symptomatic angina, history of clinically significant arrhythmias requiring medications, (with the exception of asymptomatic atrial tachycardias requiring anticoagulation and/or beta-blockade), myocardial infarction < 6 months from study entry, uncontrolled or symptomatic congestive heart failure, or any other cardiac condition, which in the opinion of the treating physician, would make this protocol unreasonably hazardous for the patient
• Women who are currently pregnant or lactating will be ineligible.
• Any other uncontrolled inter-current medical or psychiatric illness.
• Known HIV-positive patients will be excluded.
• Patients with any gastrointestinal disease resulting in an inability to take oral )or feeding-tube administered medication, malabsorption syndrome, a requirement for IV alimentation, prior surgical procedures affecting absorption, or uncontrolled inflammatory GI disease (e.g., Crohn's, ulcerative colitis).
• Concomitant requirement for medication classified as CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors.