Does diabetic patients' glycemic control affect their response to laser and/or intravitreal injection therapy in terms of visual and anatomical outcomes.

To evaluate the visual and anatomical response to therapy in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) in relation to their glycemic control.

Patients with DME with central foveal thickness (CFT) > 250µm with no proliferative disease had their glycosolated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measured at baseline and 3 months. CFT by optical coherence tomography, and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in logMARs were measured at baseline, 1, and 3 months. Exclusion criteria: laser or intravitreal injections within 6 months, hard exudates within 500um of the foveal center, or macular traction. Therapy included laser and intravitreal anti VEGFs. HbA1c graded as: G1=<7%, G2= 7-7.9%, G3= 8-8.9%, G4 = >9%; and as: low <8%, high ≥ 8%.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Central foveal thickness more than 250 microns

Exclusion Criteria:

• Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.
• Traction Macular Membranes
• Previous Laser or intravitreal injections within 6 months.

Diabetic patients with macular edema with central foveal thickness more than 250 microns and no proliferative changes.