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Heat therapy is frequently prescribed to patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). Deep hyperthermia via localized microwave diathermy is effective in several musculoskeletal painful conditions. However, the efficacy of superficial heating is controversial. Furthermore, no clinical trials have yet directly compared the effects of these treatment modalities in knee OA. Hence, the purpose of the present study is to compare the effects of deep and superficial hyperthermia, induced via microwave diathermy and hot packs, respectively, on pain and function in patients with symptomatic knee OA.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deep hyperthermia | Other | Microwave diathermy |
|
| Superficial hyperthermia | Other | Hot packs |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Microwave diathermy | Other | Deep tissue heating via microwave diathermy |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC scale) | 12 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| British Medical Research Council (BMRC) rating scale | 6 months | |
| Pain visual analogue scale (VAS) | 6 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Carlo Bertolini, M.D. | Catholic University of the Sacred Heart | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outpatient clinic of the Dept. Of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Physiatrics | Rome | 00168 | Italy |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17942453 | Background | Giombini A, Giovannini V, Di Cesare A, Pacetti P, Ichinoseki-Sekine N, Shiraishi M, Naito H, Maffulli N. Hyperthermia induced by microwave diathermy in the management of muscle and tendon injuries. Br Med Bull. 2007;83:379-96. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldm020. | |
| 18608369 | Background | Di Cesare A, Giombini A, Dragoni S, Agnello L, Ripani M, Saraceni VM, Maffulli N. Calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff. Conservative management with 434 Mhz local microwave diathermy (hyperthermia): a case study. Disabil Rehabil. 2008;30(20-22):1578-83. doi: 10.1080/09638280701786351. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020370 | Osteoarthritis, Knee |
| D000084462 | Hyperthermia |
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010003 | Osteoarthritis |
| D001168 | Arthritis |
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| Superficial hyperthermia |
| Other |
Superficial heating via hot pack application |
|
| 16636345 | Background | Giombini A, Di Cesare A, Safran MR, Ciatti R, Maffulli N. Short-term effectiveness of hyperthermia for supraspinatus tendinopathy in athletes: a short-term randomized controlled study. Am J Sports Med. 2006 Aug;34(8):1247-53. doi: 10.1177/0363546506287827. Epub 2006 Apr 24. |
| 12750132 | Background | Kaplan LD, Chu CR, Bradley JP, Fu FH, Studer RK. Recovery of chondrocyte metabolic activity after thermal exposure. Am J Sports Med. 2003 May-Jun;31(3):392-8. doi: 10.1177/03635465030310031101. |
| 3367814 | Background | Weinberger A, Fadilah R, Lev A, Levi A, Pinkhas J. Deep heat in the treatment of inflammatory joint disease. Med Hypotheses. 1988 Apr;25(4):231-3. doi: 10.1016/0306-9877(88)90036-9. |
| 18496246 | Background | Cetin N, Aytar A, Atalay A, Akman MN. Comparing hot pack, short-wave diathermy, ultrasound, and TENS on isokinetic strength, pain, and functional status of women with osteoarthritic knees: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2008 Jun;87(6):443-51. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0b013e318174e467. |
| 15827938 | Background | Robertson VJ, Ward AR, Jung P. The effect of heat on tissue extensibility: a comparison of deep and superficial heating. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Apr;86(4):819-25. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2004.07.353. |
| D012216 |
| Rheumatic Diseases |
| D001832 | Body Temperature Changes |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D018882 | Heat Stress Disorders |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |