The principal hypothesis of this study is that the micro and macro vasculature of young diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) patients is particularly susceptible to atherogenic factors which cause vascular dysfunction at multiple levels of the arterial vasculature and that this dysfunction is demonstrable using state-of-the-art ultrasound methods. The investigators further hypothesize that interventions, such as exercise, that are readily integrated into the daily life of individuals with DM1 can mitigate or reverse these early vascular changes and thereby diminish the otherwise predictable longer-term development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 1 DM

Inclusion Criteria: You may be eligible if you are:

• Male or female, 12-18 years of age
• Healthy, no chronic illness other than DM1
• No medications that would affect the blood vessels
• Non-smoker
• Normal height and weight

Requirements for both groups (study 1)

• Two outpatient visits lasting ~1 to 1 ½ hours
• 1 outpatient admission lasting ~ 10 hrs
• Most visits require blood draws Requirements for second part of study for DM1 group (study 2)
• Two additional outpatient visits (one requires blood draw)
• 12 weeks of an exercise program (5 days per week, 3 of them here at UVA)
• Maintain healthy diet for those 12 weeks-you will have diet instruction
• Repeat outpatient admission as described above

Exclusion Criteria:

• under 12 or over 18 years of age
• medication that could affect the blood vessels
• smoker
• above average BMI
• chronic illness other than DM1

DM1 and healthy controls