The primary objective is to demonstrate a longer period of neurologic recovery from a sensory block assessed in each test group versus the group without metabolic disease.

General Inclusion Criteria:

• The patient must have given his/her informed and signed consent
• The patient must be insured or beneficiary of a health insurance plan
• The patient is available for 1 month of follow up
• The patient is scheduled for hand or wrist surgery

Inclusion Criteria for the "Renal Insufficiency" group

• Patient has renal insufficiency as defined by a creatine clearance of < 30ml/min without dialysis

Inclusion Criteria for the "Diabetes" group

• Patient has chronic hyperglycemia, either a fasting glycemia > 1.26 g/l (7mmol/l) for longer than 5 years and receiving an oral, well-adjusted (last HBA1c < 6.5%)), non-insulin, antidiabetic treatment

Inclusion Criteria for the "Non-exposed" group

• Patient without metabolic or neurologic disease, with creating clearance > 90ml/min

Exclusion Criteria:

• The patient is participating in another study
• The patient is in an exclusion period determined by a previous study
• The patient is under judicial protection, under tutorship or curatorship
• The patient refuses to sign the consent
• It is impossible to correctly inform the patient
• The patient is pregnant
• The patient is breastfeeding
• Patient weighs less than 50 kg
• Score ASA > 4
• contra indication for locoregional anesthesia
• Severe metabolic and / or decompensated renal disease, cardiac or pulmonary decompensation
• Associated peripheral neuropathy associated with diabetes or kidney disease
• Associated central neuropathy associated (eg MS ... narrow cervical canal)
• Patients with both renal failure and diabetes

Three patient populations schelduled for surgery on the hand or wrist. The three groups include (1) patients with no metabolic or neurologic disease history, (2) patients with renal insufficiency but not diabetes and (3) patients with diabetes but not renal insufficiency.