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Upper airway resistance during sleep can present with a range of symptoms from simple snoring (SS) through to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Pharyngeal narrowing or collapse leads to reduction or cessation in airflow during sleep, and is associated with loud snoring.
The investigators hypothesized that regular singing exercises could strengthen pharyngeal muscles and/or increase their resting tone, and lead to an improvement of symptoms and thus quality of life in patients with all forms of snoring.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Singing exercises | Experimental |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singing exercises | Behavioral | A 3 month self-guided treatment based on a specially designed 3CD box set, which patient performed every day ('Singing for Snorers': UK) |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Epworth sleepiness scale | Entry to study (day one), and after 3 months of intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Loudness of snoring | Visual analogue scale rating | Entry to study (day one), and 3 months after intervention |
| Frequency of snoring | Visual analogue scale rating |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Malcolm P Hilton, BMBCh FRCS | Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust | Exeter | EX2 5DW | United Kingdom |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012913 | Snoring |
| D020181 | Sleep Apnea, Obstructive |
| D012891 | Sleep Apnea Syndromes |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012135 | Respiratory Sounds |
| D012818 | Signs and Symptoms, Respiratory |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| Entry to study (day one), and 3 months after intervention |
| SF-36 quality of life assessment tool | Entry to study (day one), and 3 months after intervention |
| Compliance with exercises | Applied only to intervention group. Rated on visual analogue scale of 100mm from 'never' to 'every day' | After 3 months of intervention |
| D001049 | Apnea |
| D012120 | Respiration Disorders |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D020919 | Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic |
| D020920 | Dyssomnias |
| D012893 | Sleep Wake Disorders |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |