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The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of different exercise intensity training programs upon blood vessel function and circulating blood cells involved in blood vessel repair in young women. The long term effects of exercise may be beneficial to cardiovascular health and it is important to understand the training methods that are the most beneficial. In particular we aim to determine if brief maximal exercise improves the function and stiffness of blood vessels and enhance blood vessel repair. Two methods of exercising are being compared, exercise bouts involving intermittent exercise and exercise completed all at once, but at a very high intensity.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Interval maximal exercise | Experimental | Interval exercise involving repeated Wingate tests (30s durations of maximal exercise on a cycle ergometer). |
|
| Continuous maximal exercise | Experimental | Continuous exercise of maximal exertion that has been work matched to an initial bout of interval exercise of 4 x 30s of maximal exercise. This exercise is performed on a cycle ergometer. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sprint interval exercise | Behavioral | 3 session per week of exercise on a exercise cycle ergometer. Each session involves 30s of maximal exercise followed by 4.5 min of easy cycling at 10W. This is repeated 4 times at each exercise session. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maximal oxygen uptake | A measure of aerobic capacity determined during an incremental exercise test to volitional fatigue on an exercise ergometer. | 4 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Heart rate variability | 4 weeks | |
| Endothelial progenitor cell function | measures of in vitro cell migratory ability, adhesion and classification of endothelial progenitor cells | 4 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karen M Birch, BSc PhD | Contact | +44(0)1133436713 | k.m.birch@leeds.ac.uk | |
| Mark Rakobowchuk, BSc MSc PhD | Contact | +44(0)1133431669 | m.e.rakobowchuk@leeds.ac.uk |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Karen M Birch, BSc PhD | University of Leeds | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Leeds | Leeds | West Yorkshire | LS2 9JT | United Kingdom |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000092202 | Exercise-Induced Allergies |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006969 | Hypersensitivity, Immediate |
| D006967 | Hypersensitivity |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
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|
| Maximal continuous exercise | Behavioral | 3 sessions per week of an exercise intervention involving maximal cycling until the participant has completed an amount of work equivalent to a sprint interval training session. This exercise lasts between 3 and 3.5 minutes. |
|
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| Flow mediated dialtion | Measure of vascular endothelial function determined non-invasively at the brachial artery | 4 weeks |
| Arterial stiffness | The stiffness of the carotid artery is measured using a combination of ultrasound imaging and non-invasive blood pressure measurements. Lower degrees of stiffness are more favourable. | 4 weeks |
| Circulating angiogenic cell numbers | These cells are involved in vascular repair and proliferation and may be measured using flow cytometric methods. Specifically cells with CD34 and CD309 antigens are enumerated. | 4 weeks |
| Endothelial progenitor cell function | Measure of in vitro migratory, adhesion and classification of endothelial progenitor cells. | 4 weeks |