Identify pediatric oncologic patients with ALI/ARDS at GRAACC (Grupo de Apoio ao Adolescente e a Criança com Câncer) /IOP's (Instituto de Oncologia Pediátrica) Pediatric Intensive Care Unit and evaluate the mechanical ventilation practice in these subjects for a 48mo period.

Evaluate adequate mechanical ventilation based on protective ventilation protocols for children available so far.

Evaluate and describe the subjects. Evaluate the necessity and outcome of rescue therapies (surfactant, prone position, corticosteroids, alveolar recruitment) Obtain data about ALI/ARDS' etiology, mortality rates and predictive factors related to the outcomes (PICU/ hospital discharge or death)

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients admitted at the intensive care unit with diagnosis of acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome and submitted to mechanical ventilation for over 24h

Exclusion Criteria:

• mechanical ventilation less than 24h
• absence of ALI/ARDS criteria
• no neoplasm diagnosis

Pediatric oncologic patients