The purpose of this study is to determine whether performing colorectal resection in deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum is responsible for a higher rate of postoperative digestive and urinary dysfunction when compared to rectal nodules excision (conservation of the rectum).

The study compare digestive and urinary functional outcomes following surgical management of rectal endometriosis by either colorectal resection or conservative surgery (shaving or full thickness excision of rectal nodules).

Patients managed for rectal endometriosis are randomized in two arms, and followed up for 24 months. The assessment of digestive and urinary functions is performed at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months using standardized questionnaires. Postoperative complications and improvement of endometriosis related pain are also recorded.

Inclusion Criteria:

• female
• age >18 and <45
• at least one digestive symptom related to deep endometriosis (pain defecation, either cyclic diarrhea or cyclic constipation, cyclic rectorrhagia)
• preoperative work up revealing a deep endometriosis nodule infiltrating the rectum (either muscular or submucosal layer, on less than 50% of rectal circumference) and measuring at least 20 mm
• affiliation to the National Social Security System

Exclusion Criteria:

• pregnant women or likely to be at the moment of the surgery
• no preoperative hypothesis of rectal involvement
• no intraoperative confirmation of the rectal involvement
• advanced rectal endometriosis involving rectal mucosa or more than 50% of the rectal circumference (preoperative assessment using rectal endoscopy or ultrasonography)
• women unable to give an informed consent (guardianship or trusteeship)