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This study examines the pharmacokinetic profile of Armstrong's proposed Epinephrine Inhalation Aerosol USP, an HFA134a propelled Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI) (E004), using a stable isotope deuterium-labeled epinephrine (epinephrine-d3) to differentiate the administered drug from the endogenous epinephrine, in healthy male and female adult volunteers.
The current study is designed to complement and expand the previous PK studies, API-E004-CL-B and API-E004-CL-B2, with emphasis on lower E004 dose strengths (at 90 and 100 mcg per inhalation), for a more thorough evaluation of the E004 PK profiles. Safety of E004 will also be evaluated, under augmented dose conditions.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arm T1 Primatene Mist HFA | Experimental | epinephrine inhalation aerosol, 90 mcg/inhalation, 12 inhalations over 6 minutes |
|
| Arm C Primatene Mist | Active Comparator | epinephrine inhalation aerosol, 220 mcg/inhalation, 12 inhalations over 6 minutes |
|
| Arm T2 Primatene Mist HFA | Experimental | epinephrine inhalation aerosol, 100 mcg/inhalation, 12 inhalations over 6 minutes |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arm T1: Primatene Mist HFA | Drug | epinephrine inhalation aerosol, 90 mcg/inhalation, 12 inhalations over 6 minutes |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetics including maximum concentration and area under the curve | Samples will be analyzed with an established LC/MS/MS method, with a quantitative detection limit of 0.02 ng/mL, for both epinephrine-d3 and epinephrine-h3.
| -30, 2, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 240 and 360 min postdose. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Vital Signs | Systolic and Diastolic Blood pressure and heart rate | within 30 min predose, at 30, 60 and 360 min postdose |
| 12-lead Electrocardiogram (ECG) | 12 lead ECG (Routine and QT/QTc intervals) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Medical Director | Amphastar Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amphastar Study Site 1 | Cypress | California | 90630 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019665 | Background | Pinnas JL, Schachtel BP, Chen TM, Roseberry HR, Thoden WR. Inhaled epinephrine and oral theophylline-ephedrine in the treatment of asthma. J Clin Pharmacol. 1991 Mar;31(3):243-7. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1991.tb04969.x. | |
| 16400891 | Background | Hendeles L, Marshik PL, Ahrens R, Kifle Y, Shuster J. Response to nonprescription epinephrine inhaler during nocturnal asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2005 Dec;95(6):530-4. doi: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)61014-9. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001249 | Asthma |
| D004417 | Dyspnea |
| D012135 | Respiratory Sounds |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001982 | Bronchial Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D008173 | Lung Diseases, Obstructive |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
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| Arm T2: Primatene Mist HFA | Drug | epinephrine inhalation aerosol, 100 mcg/inhalation, 12 inhalations over 6 minutes |
|
|
| Arm C: Primatene Mist (epinephrine inhalation aerosol, USP) | Drug | epinephrine inhalation aerosol, 220 mcg/inhalation, 12 inhalations over 6 minutes |
|
|
| within 30 min pre-dose, and at 15 and 120 min post-dose |
| Telemetry ECG | Telemetry recording of heart rate | within 30 min pre-dose, and during the initial 5 min post-dose |
| 3780129 | Background | Warren JB, Doble N, Dalton N, Ewan PW. Systemic absorption of inhaled epinephrine. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1986 Dec;40(6):673-8. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1986.243. |
| 10919679 | Background | Cripps A, Riebe M, Schulze M, Woodhouse R. Pharmaceutical transition to non-CFC pressurized metered dose inhalers. Respir Med. 2000 Jun;94 Suppl B:S3-9. |
| 10936150 | Background | Dickinson BD, Altman RD, Deitchman SD, Champion HC. Safety of over-the-counter inhalers for asthma: report of the council on scientific affairs. Chest. 2000 Aug;118(2):522-6. doi: 10.1378/chest.118.2.522. |
| 11061773 | Background | Simons FE, Gu X, Johnston LM, Simons KJ. Can epinephrine inhalations be substituted for epinephrine injection in children at risk for systemic anaphylaxis? Pediatrics. 2000 Nov;106(5):1040-4. doi: 10.1542/peds.106.5.1040. |
| 10535697 | Background | Kushner DJ, Baker A, Dunstall TG. Pharmacological uses and perspectives of heavy water and deuterated compounds. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1999 Feb;77(2):79-88. |
| 9616533 | Background | Bondesson E, Friberg K, Soliman S, Lofdahl CG. Safety and efficacy of a high cumulative dose of salbutamol inhaled via Turbuhaler or via a pressurized metered-dose inhaler in patients with asthma. Respir Med. 1998 Feb;92(2):325-30. doi: 10.1016/s0954-6111(98)90116-0. |
| D012130 |
| Respiratory Hypersensitivity |
| D006969 | Hypersensitivity, Immediate |
| D006967 | Hypersensitivity |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
| D012120 | Respiration Disorders |
| D012818 | Signs and Symptoms, Respiratory |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |