B Vitamin Status in Premature and Small for Gestational Age(SGA) Infants

B VITAMIN STATUS IN PREMATURE AND SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE INFANTS

Premature birth and low birth weight implies insufficient intrauterine growth and fetal malnutrition. During the first months of life where the infant is breastfed, the low stores aquired during fetal life, may cause specific B vitamin deficiencies. In this study infants with a birth weight below 3000 g will be studied at 6 weeks, 4 and 6 months. At 6 months infants with biochemical signs of impaired cobalamin status (i.e.: tHcy > 97.5 percentile for cobalamin treated infants, i.e.: tHcy>6.5 µM/L) will be randomised to cobalamin treatment or placebo. At 7 months the investigators will evaluate the effect of cobalamin or placebo treatment according to infant biochemical status and neurodevelopment.

Study hypothesis: Cobalamin treatment given to infants with biochemical cobalamin deficiency will normalize biochemical status and cause improved motor neurodevelopment.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Birthweight < 3000 grams
• Age 6 months (+/- 0.5 months)
• Plasma total homocysteine > 6.5 umol/L

Exclusion Criteria:

• Plasma total homocysteine < 6.5 umol/L