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Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a uremic toxin that accelerates the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). AST-120 (Kremezin®; Kureha Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) removes indole, which is the precursor of IS, in the intestine, and reduces the accumulation of IS. This drug has been shown to retard the deterioration of renal function in CKD patients through reducing the levels of IS.
IS was reported to promote aortic calcification and stimulate the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). IS also inhibits endothelial proliferation and wound repair. With this background, the investigators will performed the study whether AST-120 improve the endothelial dysfunction in CKD patients.
The purpose of this study is to examine whether Kremezin, Indoxyl sulfate lowering agent improve endothelial dysfunction in stage 3,4 chronic kidney disease patients
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| AST-120 | Experimental | AST-120 administration 2g three times a day |
|
| Control | No Intervention | Control Chronic Kidney disease stage 3,4 |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kremezin | Drug | AST-120 2g three times a day |
|
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes of FMD(Flow Mediated Dilatation) | FMD (Flow Mediated Dilatation): percent change of FMD response to hyperemia and after sublingual nitroglycerin on brachial artery. | 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Level of Indoxyl Sulfate | 3 months, 6 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MINA YU, MD | Contact | +82-2-2650-2562 | yuelizabeth@hanmail.net | |
| Gil-Soon Yang, NR | Contact | +82-2-2650-5132 | 40739@eumc.co.kr |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Duk-Hee Kang, MD. PhD. | Ewha Womans University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital | Seoul | South Korea |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007676 | Kidney Failure, Chronic |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051436 | Renal Insufficiency, Chronic |
| D051437 | Renal Insufficiency |
| D007674 | Kidney Diseases |
| D014570 | Urologic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C040896 | AST 120 |
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| D052776 |
| Female Urogenital Diseases |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
| D002908 | Chronic Disease |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |