Risk Stratification in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) - ISAR Study

Risk Stratification in End Stage Renal Disease (ISAR)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of non-invasive markers of the autonomic function and micro- and macrocirculation to predict mortality and cardiovascular end points in end-stage renal disease patients. Furthermore we aim at getting new insight into the insufficiently understood pathophysiology leading to excessively high cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality in dialysis patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 18 or older
2. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) and receiving maintenance hemodialysis

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Any clinically significant infection.
2. pregnancy
3. history of malignant disease with a prognostic life expectancy less than 24 months
4. missing of written and informed consent