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The purpose of this study is to evaluate if poor bone quality increases the risk of specific types of treatment complications in patients with proximal humerus fractures treated with open reduction and angle-stable plates (Proximal Humeral Internal Locking System - PHILOS).
More than 70% of patients with a proximal humerus fracture are older than 60 years, up to three quarters are women and the incidence of low-energy fractures increases exponentially with age. The standard diagnostic method for classifying osteoporosis is the measurement of Bone Mineral Density at specific body sites - hip, vertebra or distal radius. Despite the fact that osteoporotic fractures are very frequent at the shoulder, no study investigated the correlation between local bone quality and fracture treatment at the proximal humerus.
There is a concern among the clinicians that osteoporotic bone in proximal humerus fractures increases the risk of treatment complications. However, to our knowledge this has not yet been evaluated in clinical studies. One major reason for this lack of studies is the fact that no standardized method exists for the determination of bone density at the proximal humerus.
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Local bone quality-related complication | The qualifying events are those involving either directly the local bone and fracture or the implant and its surgical application whether they are anticipated or not. | From enrollment to 12 months postoperative |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Bone mineral density at the distal radius by DXA | The BMD at the distal radius will be measured by DXA. It will comprise BMD and BMC of the contralateral side. The absolute values for BMD and BMC will be provided as well as the deviations to the T-score according to the manufacturer's reference collective. | until 6 week postoperative |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Orthopedic and trauma clinics
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Franz Kralinger, MD | Medizinische Uni Innsbruck | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medizinische Uni Innsbruck | Innsbruck | Tyrol | 6020 | Austria | ||
| Queen Mary Hospital |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21062463 | Derived | Goldhahn S, Kralinger F, Rikli D, Marent M, Goldhahn J. Does osteoporosis increase complication risk in surgical fracture treatment? A protocol combining new endpoints for two prospective multicentre open cohort studies. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010 Nov 9;11:256. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-11-256. |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Non profit organization dedicated to improving the care of patients with musculoskeletal injuries and their sequelae through research, development, education and quality assurance in the principles, practice, and result of fracture treatment. | View source |
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| Occurence of any complication |
To capture any complication that occured. A complication is defined as any occurrence or deviation from the normal treatment or outcome, regardless of whether it has any relationship with the treatment or product under investigation. |
| 6 weeks |
| Occurence of any complication | To capture any complication that occured. A complication is defined as any occurrence or deviation from the normal treatment or outcome, regardless of whether it has any relationship with the treatment or product under investigation. | 3 months |
| Occurence of any complication | To capture any complication that occured. A complication is defined as any occurrence or deviation from the normal treatment or outcome, regardless of whether it has any relationship with the treatment or product under investigation. | 12 months |
| Range of motion | The bilateral range of motion will be measured by clinical examination as follows:
| 6 weeks |
| Range of motion | The bilateral range of motion will be measured by clinical examination as follows (110):
| 3 months |
| Range of motion | The bilateral range of motion will be measured by clinical examination as follows (110):
| at 12 month follow-up |
| Constant-Murley Score | Functional assessment of shoulder . The range of total scores is 1 to 100 and is composed of a subjective (mainly pain) and an objective parameters. | 3 months |
| Constant-Murley Score | Functional assessment of shoulder . The range of total scores is 1 to 100 and is composed of a subjective (mainly pain) and an objective parameters. | 6 weeks |
| Constant-Murley Score | Functional assessment of shoulder . The range of total scores is 1 to 100 and is composed of a subjective (mainly pain) and an objective parameters. | 12 months |
| Patient self-assessment of shoulder function - SPADI | SPADI assesses the pain and disability associated with shoulder pathology. It is a self-reported index consisting of 13 items divided into two subscales: pain and disability. The range of total scores is 1 to 100. | Baseline |
| Patient self-assessment of shoulder function - SPADI | SPADI assesses the pain and disability associated with shoulder pathology. It is a self-reported index consisting of 13 items divided into two subscales: pain and disability. The range of total scores is 1 to 100. | 6 weeks |
| Patient self-assessment of shoulder function - SPADI | SPADI assesses the pain and disability associated with shoulder pathology. It is a self-reported index consisting of 13 items divided into two subscales: pain and disability. The range of total scores is 1 to 100. | 3 months |
| Patient self-assessment of shoulder function with the SPADI | SPADI assesses the pain and disability associated with shoulder pathology. It is a self-reported index consisting of 13 items divided into two subscales: pain and disability. The range of total scores is 1 to 100. | 6 months |
| Patient self-assessment of shoulder function with the SPADI | SPADI assesses the pain and disability associated with shoulder pathology. It is a self-reported index consisting of 13 items divided into two subscales: pain and disability. The range of total scores is 1 to 100. | 12 months |
| Disability of the shoulder and hand - DASH | The disability of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) questionnaire is an upper extremity specific outcome measure. The main part of the DASH is a 30-item disability/symptom scale concerning the patient's health status during the preceding week. The scores for all items are then used to calculate a scale score ranging from 0 (no disability) to 100 (most severe disability). | Baseline |
| Patient self-assessment of upper extremity function with the DASH | The disability of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) questionnaire is an upper extremity specific outcome measure. The main part of the DASH is a 30-item disability/symptom scale concerning the patient's health status during the preceding week. The scores for all items are then used to calculate a scale score ranging from 0 (no disability) to 100 (most severe disability). | 6 weeks |
| Patient self-assessment of upper extremity function with the DASH | The disability of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) questionnaire is an upper extremity specific outcome measure. The main part of the DASH is a 30-item disability/symptom scale concerning the patient's health status during the preceding week. The scores for all items are then used to calculate a scale score ranging from 0 (no disability) to 100 (most severe disability). | 3 months |
| Patient self-assessment of upper extremity function with the DASH | The disability of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) questionnaire is an upper extremity specific outcome measure. The main part of the DASH is a 30-item disability/symptom scale concerning the patient's health status during the preceding week. The scores for all items are then used to calculate a scale score ranging from 0 (no disability) to 100 (most severe disability). | 12 months |
| Health-related quality of life - EuroQoL5 | EQ-5D is a standardised instrument for use as a measure of health outcome.It has five items with a three-point categorical response scale (no problems, some/moderate problems, extreme problems. A unique EQ-5D health state is defined by combining 1 level from each of the 5 dimensions. | Baseline |
| EuroQoL5 | EQ-5D is a standardised instrument for use as a measure of health outcome.It has five items with a three-point categorical response scale (no problems, some/moderate problems, extreme problems. A unique EQ-5D health state is defined by combining 1 level from each of the 5 dimensions. | 6 weeks |
| EuroQoL5 | EQ-5D is a standardised instrument for use as a measure of health outcome.It has five items with a three-point categorical response scale (no problems, some/moderate problems, extreme problems. A unique EQ-5D health state is defined by combining 1 level from each of the 5 dimensions. | 3 months |
| EuroQoL5 | EQ-5D is a standardised instrument for use as a measure of health outcome.It has five items with a three-point categorical response scale (no problems, some/moderate problems, extreme problems. A unique EQ-5D health state is defined by combining 1 level from each of the 5 dimensions. | 6 months |
| EuroQoL5 | EQ-5D is a standardised instrument for use as a measure of health outcome.It has five items with a three-point categorical response scale (no problems, some/moderate problems, extreme problems. A unique EQ-5D health state is defined by combining 1 level from each of the 5 dimensions. | 12 months |
| Validation of a Computed Tomography (CT)-based method for BMD-measurement at the proximal humerus | The BMD (mg/cm3) at the proximal humerus will be determined preoperatively for the contralateral side of the fracture with a general purpose CT scanner, according to the protocol. Briefly, a CT of the contralateral humerus is performed measuring simultaneously the European Forearm Phantom (EFP) applied on the patient's midthorax. The measured CT Hounsfield Units (HU) of user-defined ROIs can then be quantified with the EFPbased calibration curve, resulting in BMD-values. | preoperative |
| Association between the BMD at the proximal humerus (measured by CT) and the BMD at the distal radius (measured by DXA) | Bone density measurements at the left and right proximal and distal humerus have been correlated by Diederichs and colleagues. BMD comparison between left and right humeri revealed higher correlations for the distal (R2 = 0.9) and the proximal humerus (R2 = 0.74) than comparison between proximal and distal humerus (R2 = 0.4) (97). These date suggest that the contralateral should be favored to the ipsilateral location when estimating the bone density of a fractured site. | until 6 weeks postoperative |
| Occurence of any complication | To capture any complication that occured. A complication is defined as any occurrence or deviation from the normal treatment or outcome, regardless of whether it has any relationship with the treatment or product under investigation. The reported complication will be classified by AOCID as either serious or non-serious AE or as an anticipated complication. | Baseline |
| Hong Kong |
| China |
| Klinikum rechts der Isar der TU München | Munich | Bavaria | 81675 | Germany |
| Ev. Diakoniewerk Friederikenstift | Hanover | Lower Saxony | 30169 | Germany |
| Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité | Berlin | 13353 | Germany |
| Centre Hosp Univ Vaudois | Lausanne | Canton of Vaud | 1011 | Switzerland |
| Kantonsspital Winterthur | Winterthur | Canton of Zurich | 8401 | Switzerland |
| Universitätsspital Basel | Basel | 4031 | Switzerland |
| Kantonsspital | Lucerne | 6000 | Switzerland |
| Stadtspital Triemli | Zurich | 8063 | Switzerland |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012784 | Shoulder Fractures |
| D006810 | Humeral Fractures |
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010024 | Osteoporosis |
| D007431 | Intraoperative Complications |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050723 | Fractures, Bone |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
| D000070599 | Shoulder Injuries |
| D001134 | Arm Injuries |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001851 | Bone Diseases, Metabolic |
| D001847 | Bone Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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