Blood-retinal Barrier Imaging and Neuropsychiatric Sequela in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Blood-retinal Barrier Imaging in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Window for Blood-brain Barrier Breakdown and Neuropsychiatric Sequela

In Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients we will:

1. quantify vasculopathy and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) leakage
2. measure blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and neuroanatomical changes
3. correlate BRB pathology with BBB breakdown, inflammatory markers and neuropsychiatric sequela

Inclusion criteria:

1. T2DM Patient suffering from Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR), Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) and Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) who are in the clinical database of the ophthalmologic department , above 18 years old at the time of diagnosis and underwent FA examination in the past three years
2. Patients which their medical records are available via a computerized data base

Control group:

1. T2DM patients who are in the clinical database of the ophthalmologic department
2. Above 18 years old at the time of diagnosis
3. Underwent FA examination in the past three years and their examination was interpreted as "normal", i.e. without suspected diabetic retinopathy