Febuxostat 40 mg (or 80 mg beginning on week 4 if serum uric acid level was ≥6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 82 months.

Allopurinol 300 mg to 600 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with mildly impaired renal function or normal renal function (estimated creatinine clearance [eCLcr] ≥60 mL/min) or allopurinol 200 mg to 400 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with moderately impaired renal function (eCLcr ≥30 but <60 mL/min).

Statistical analysis for the primary endpoint was based on 1-sided repeated confidence intervals (CIs), using critical values from a 1-sided stopping boundary for a group sequential design (GSD), to preserve an overall false-rejection rate of 2.5%, to assess non-inferiority at each interim analysis and the final analysis.

Time from randomization to the first occurrence of any MACE was fitted using Cox Proportional Hazard model with treatment as a covariate and Baseline renal function as a stratification factor.

Febuxostat 40 mg (or 80 mg beginning on week 4 if serum uric acid level was ≥6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 82 months.

Allopurinol 300 mg to 600 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with mildly impaired renal function or normal renal function (estimated creatinine clearance [eCLcr] ≥60 mL/min) or allopurinol 200 mg to 400 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with moderately impaired renal function (eCLcr ≥30 but <60 mL/min).

Febuxostat 40 mg (or 80 mg beginning on week 4 if serum uric acid level was ≥6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 82 months.

Allopurinol 300 mg to 600 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with mildly impaired renal function or normal renal function (estimated creatinine clearance [eCLcr] ≥60 mL/min) or allopurinol 200 mg to 400 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with moderately impaired renal function (eCLcr ≥30 but <60 mL/min).

Febuxostat 40 mg (or 80 mg beginning on week 4 if serum uric acid level was ≥6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 82 months.

Allopurinol 300 mg to 600 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with mildly impaired renal function or normal renal function (estimated creatinine clearance [eCLcr] ≥60 mL/min) or allopurinol 200 mg to 400 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with moderately impaired renal function (eCLcr ≥30 but <60 mL/min).

Febuxostat 40 mg (or 80 mg beginning on week 4 if serum uric acid level was ≥6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 82 months.

Allopurinol 300 mg to 600 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with mildly impaired renal function or normal renal function (estimated creatinine clearance [eCLcr] ≥60 mL/min) or allopurinol 200 mg to 400 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with moderately impaired renal function (eCLcr ≥30 but <60 mL/min).

Febuxostat 40 mg (or 80 mg beginning on week 4 if serum uric acid level was ≥6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 82 months.

Allopurinol 300 mg to 600 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with mildly impaired renal function or normal renal function (estimated creatinine clearance [eCLcr] ≥60 mL/min) or allopurinol 200 mg to 400 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with moderately impaired renal function (eCLcr ≥30 but <60 mL/min).

Febuxostat 40 mg (or 80 mg beginning on week 4 if serum uric acid level was ≥6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 82 months.

Allopurinol 300 mg to 600 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with mildly impaired renal function or normal renal function (estimated creatinine clearance [eCLcr] ≥60 mL/min) or allopurinol 200 mg to 400 mg (increased in 100 mg increments each month until serum uric acid was <6.0 mg/dL), tablets, orally, once daily for up to approximately 83 months to participants with moderately impaired renal function (eCLcr ≥30 but <60 mL/min).