The purpose of this study is to improve blood glucose control in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients.

We hypothesize that Autologous bone marrow derived stem cell transplantation(ABMSCT)into the pancreas of patients with T2DM, aged 30 - 70 years with triple oral hypoglycemic agent failure and on insulin(>0.4 U/ kg body weight/day) will lead to abolition or reduction of insulin requirement by more than or equal to 50% in these patients over a period of 6 months. It is assumed that ABMSCT in these patients leads to increased angiogenesis, secretion of various cytokines and upregulation of pancreatic transcription factors and Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and creates a microenvironment which supports beta cell/resident stem cell activation and survival.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus between 30 and 70 years of age.
2. Failure to triple OHA and on stable doses of insulin for atleast 3 months.
3. On vildagliptin,pioglitazone and metformin for atleast 3 months along with Insulin to maintain euglycemia.
4. HbA1c < 8.5%.
5. Insulin requirement ≥0.4 IU/kg/d.
6. GAD antibody negative status.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with T1DM or secondary diabetes.
2. Patients with serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl.
3. Abnormal liver function tests (defined as value of transaminases > 3 times the upper value of normal or serum bilirubin higher than normal for the reference value for the laboratory).
4. History of cholecystitis/ cholelitiasis/ cholecystectomy
5. Seropositivity for HIV, HBsAg and HCV.
6. History of myocardial infarction or unstable angina in the previous 3 months.
7. History of malignancy
8. Patients with active infections.

Patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus with triple Oral hypoglycemic failure and on Insulin for glycemic control