All patients will receive Normosol or equivalent solution, 0.5 ml/kg/fasted hour IV (approximately from 8am to time of induction) during induction of anesthesia. All patients will then receive maintenance fluids consisting of Normosol or equivalent solution at 6 ml/kg/operative hour. After randomization occurs, those patients randomized to the Restricted Arm will continue to receive Normosol or equivalent solution at 6ml/kg/operative hour.

All patients will receive Normosol or equivalent solution, 0.5 ml/kg/fasted hour IV (approximately from midnight to time of induction) during induction of anesthesia. All patients will then receive maintenance fluids consisting of Normosol or equivalent solution at 6 ml/kg/operative hour. Those patients randomized to the Liberal Arm will receive an additional Normosol bolus or equivalent solution equal to (another) 1.5 ml/kg/fasted hour IV (to bring the total to 2 ml/kg/fasted hour) plus an additional bolus of Normosol or equivalent solution 6ml/kg/operative hour to bring the hourly rate to 12ml/kg/operative hour with a maximum of 1000 ml/operative hour.

Normosol or equivalent solution 0.5 ml/kg/fasted hour IV (8am to time of induction) during induction of Anesthesia. Maintenance IV Normosol or equivalent solution at 6 ml/kg/operative hour. Blood loss to be replaced volume: volume with colloid until transfusion criteria met. Additional fluid boluses of 100ml Normosol or equivalent solution or bolus pressors (phenylephrine 40mcg or ephedrine 5mg) at the discretion of the Anesthesiologist to maintain patient hemodynamic stability.