The objective of the present study is to evaluate the a prior hypothesis that treatment with icodextrin during acute peritonitis would improve the treatment outcomes of peritonitis complicating peritoneal dialysis. The safety and effectiveness of icodextrin for decreasing glucose exposure, extent and severity of peritonitis will be evaluated in the setting of acute peritonitis complicating peritoneal dialysis among patients who are not receiving icodextrin.

Inclusion Criteria:

• aged 18 or older on peritoneal dialysis, who develop clinical evidence of peritonitis
• stable peritoneal dialysis with Baxter connection system
• willingness to give written consent and comply with the study protocol

Exclusion Criteria:

• already on icodextrin dialysate prior to acute presentation with peritonitis
• known allergy or hypersensitivity to icodextrin, starch or have a glycogen storage disease
• participation in another interventional study within last 30 days of randomization
• history of a psychological illness or condition that would interfere with the patient's ability to understand the requirement of the study and/or comply with the study procedures