The Effects of Gum Chewing on Energy Intake and Expenditure

The Effects of Gum Chewing on Energy Intake and Expenditure

The purpose of this study is to determine if chewing gum increases energy expenditure and decreases food intake.

Inclusion Criteria:

• BMI 27-37, between the ages of 18 and 38

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of chronic disease (e.g. liver, kidney, or heart disease, or diabetes)
• Medications that affect energy expenditure, appetite, or body composition (e.g. antidepressants, beta blockers, antipsychotic, or weight loss medications)
• A history of irregular menstrual cycles in women (indication of onset of menopause or other metabolic disturbances such as polycystic ovary syndrome)
• A history of phenylketonuria (PKU)
• Symptoms of depression
• A history of eating disorders
• Concurrent participation in a weight loss program
• Cigarette smoking or other tobacco use
• Jaw problems such as temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ)
• Allergies to any of the common components in gum (sweeteners, mint flavors, etc)
• Heavy gum chewing prior to study ( > 3 times per week)
• Pregnancy or lactation.