Stress During Deep Sedation With Propofol With and Without Alfentanil

Physiologic Stress During Procedural Sedation With and Without Alfentanil

This is a randomized clinical trial of deep procedural sedation with propofol with and without supplemental alfentanil. Patients will be assessed for total and fractionated serum catecholamines before and after the procedure in addition to usual procedural sedation outcomes parameters to assess the adrenergic effect of propofol sedation without supplemental opioid.

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients who will require deep procedural sedation with propofol in the ED

Exclusion Criteria:

• age <18
• intoxication
• unable to provide informed consent
• allergy to propofol or alfentanil
• pregnant
• ASA physical status score > 2