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Objective: Quantify the benefits of myofunctional therapy associated to botulinum toxin injection in patients with long standing facial unilateral palsy.
Twenty-five patients with long standing facial palsy were studied; all had been previously treated for facial reanimation. Patients were randomly divided in two groups; Group A did the myofunctional therapy sessions with the speech therapist before the botulinum toxin injection, while the participants of Group B did the myofunctional therapy after it.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| A: myofunctional prior to botulinum | Active Comparator | All the facial paralysis patients received treatment with botulinum toxin type A to the non-paralyzed side, according to the Institution Protocol. To the participants of Group A, botulinum toxin was applied after myofunctional therapy. |
|
| B: myofunctional after botulinum | Active Comparator | All the facial paralysis patients received treatment with botulinum toxin type A to the non-paralyzed side, according to the Institution Protocol. To the participants of Group B, botulinum toxin was applied before myofunctional therapy. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Botulinum Toxin Type A | Drug | All the patients received a one-time treatment with botulinum toxin type A to the non-paralyzed side, according to the Institution Protocol,the total dose used per patient ranged from 15-69U, mean 37.9±5.4U. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical score | 2 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Facial Disability Index (self-report instrument) | 2 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Alessandra G Salles | University of Sao Paulo General Hospital | Study Director |
| Marcus C Ferreira | University of Sao Paulo General Hospital | Study Chair |
| Paula N Toledo | University of Sao Paulo General Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Claudia F Andrade | University of Sao Paulo General Hospital | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Sao Paulo General Hospital | São Paulo | São Paulo | 05403-000 | Brazil |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19330369 | Background | Salles AG, Toledo PN, Ferreira MC. Botulinum toxin injection in long-standing facial paralysis patients: improvement of facial symmetry observed up to 6 months. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2009 Jul;33(4):582-90. doi: 10.1007/s00266-009-9337-9. Epub 2009 Mar 28. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005158 | Facial Paralysis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009059 | Mouth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
| D010243 | Paralysis |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019274 | Botulinum Toxins, Type A |
| D020247 | Myofunctional Therapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001905 | Botulinum Toxins |
| D008666 | Metalloendopeptidases |
| D010450 | Endopeptidases |
| D010447 | Peptide Hydrolases |
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|
| myofunctional therapy | Procedure | All the patients were submitted to individual myofunctional therapy with the speech therapist, once a week, by four weeks.The myofunctional therapy began with isometric maneuvers for muscular elongation on the non paralyzed side, and on the paralyzed side when microsurgical reconstruction was present. It also included isotonic maneuvers to increase muscle tonus and isokinetic maneuvers to increase force on the paralyzed side. |
|
| D009422 |
| Nervous System Diseases |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D006867 |
| Hydrolases |
| D004798 | Enzymes |
| D045762 | Enzymes and Coenzymes |
| D045726 | Metalloproteases |
| D001426 | Bacterial Proteins |
| D011506 | Proteins |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |
| D001427 | Bacterial Toxins |
| D014118 | Toxins, Biological |
| D001685 | Biological Factors |
| D012049 | Rehabilitation of Speech and Language Disorders |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
| D005791 | Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D003813 | Dentistry |