Both propranolol and endoscopic band ligation (EBL) are effective for prevention of variceal rebleeding. Recently several studies compared the efficacy of EBL alone and with a combination of propranolol and EBL. However, the results of recent studies showed discrepancy. This study is performed to compare the efficacy and safety of EBL alone and EBL combined with propranolol in patients without previous history of endoscopic variceal treatment.

Inclusion Criteria:

• liver cirrhosis
• age between 18 and 70 years
• Successful control of esophageal variceal bleeding within 6 weeks before enrollment

Exclusion Criteria:

• Gastric variceal bleeding
• Patients with systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg or basal heart rate <60/min
• Portal vein thrombosis
• Prominent hepatic encephalopathy
• Coexisting untreated malignancy
• Severe cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease, renal failure
• Previous history of endoscopic, radiologic, or surgical treatment for varices or ascites
• Contraindication to beta-blocker
• Pregnancy
• Refusal to give consent to participate in the trial