Lapatinib Ditosylate and Capecitabine in Treating Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

A Phase II Study of Lapatinib and Capecitabine in the Treatment of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer.

RATIONALE: Lapatinib ditosylate may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as capecitabine, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Giving lapatinib ditosylate together with capecitabine may kill more tumor cells.

PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying how well giving lapatinib ditosylate together with capecitabine works in treating patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer.

OBJECTIVES:

Primary

• To evaluate the efficacy of lapatinib ditosylate and capecitabine as first-line therapy, in terms of overall survival, in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer.

Secondary

• To evaluate the progression-free survival of patients treated with this regimen.
• To evaluate the overall response rate (complete and partial responses) in patients treated with this regimen.
• To evaluate the clinical benefit (complete response, partial response, or stable disease for ≥ 6 months) of this regimen in these patients.
• To evaluate the qualitative and quantitative toxicity associated with this regimen in these patients.
• To determine the intra-tumoral expression of ErbB1 (EGFR) and ErbB2 (HER2/neu) in these patients.
• To seek pilot information on the intra-tumoral expression of markers of tumor resistance and sensitivity to treatment, including resistance drug pump expression and growth factor receptor expression.
• To collect pre- and post-treatment serum samples from these patients for proteomic analyses to elucidate if any serum cancer marker profiles can be detected.

OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study.

Patients receive oral lapatinib ditosylate once daily on days 1-21 and oral capecitabine twice daily on days 1-14. Courses repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 6-12 weeks.

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

• Histologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas

• Measurable or non-measurable disease

  • Measurable disease is defined as ≥ 1 lesion that can be accurately measured in ≥ 1 dimension (longest diameter to be recorded) as ≥ 20 mm with conventional techniques or as ≥ 10 mm with spiral CT scan

• No known brain metastases or leptomeningeal disease

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

• ECOG performance status 0-1

• Life expectancy > 12 weeks

• ANC ≥ 1,500/mm^3

• Platelet count ≥ 100,000/mm^3

• Hemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dL

• Albumin ≥ 2.5 g/dL

• Serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times upper limit of normal (ULN) (2.5 times ULN if Gilbert's syndrome is present)

• AST and ALT ≤ 3 times ULN (5 times ULN if documented liver metastases are present)

• Creatinine < 1.5 times ULN

• Cardiac ejection fraction normal by ECHO or MUGA scan

• Not pregnant or nursing

• Negative pregnancy test

• Fertile patients must use effective contraception

• Able to swallow and retain oral medication

• No gastrointestinal (GI) tract disease resulting in an inability to take oral medication, malabsorption syndrome, requirement for IV alimentation, or uncontrolled inflammatory GI disease (e.g., Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis)

• No active hepatic or biliary disease, except for Gilbert's syndrome, asymptomatic gallstones, liver metastases, or stable chronic liver disease per investigator assessment

• No active cardiac disease within the past 6 months, including any of the following:

  • Uncontrolled angina
  • Clinically significant arrhythmia, except for asymptomatic atrial fibrillation requiring anticoagulation
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Uncontrolled or symptomatic congestive heart failure
  • Any other cardiac condition that, in the opinion of the treating physician, would make this study unreasonably hazardous for the patient

• No concurrent uncontrolled illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection or psychiatric illness/social situation that would limit compliance with study requirements

• No known immediate or delayed hypersensitivity reaction or idiosyncrasy to drugs chemically related to lapatinib ditosylate or any of its excipients, capecitabine, or fluorouracil

• No known dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency

• No other malignancy within the past 5 years except for completely resected nonmelanoma skin cancer or successfully treated in situ carcinoma

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

• Recovered from prior radiotherapy or surgery

• No prior surgical procedures affecting absorption

• No prior EGFR- or ErbB2-targeting therapies

• No prior capecitabine

• No prior chemotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer

• At least 3 months since prior adjuvant chemotherapy

  • Prior fluorouracil allowed as a radiosensitizer only

• More than 30 days (or 5 half-lives) since prior investigational drugs

• No concurrent radiotherapy or surgery for metastatic cancer

• No concurrent combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV-positive patients

• No concurrent CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors

• No other concurrent investigational agents or anticancer therapy (e.g., cytotoxic or biologic therapy)

• No concurrent herbal (alternative) medicines