Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Distal motor nerve evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) potentials were recorded from tibial and peroneal nerves.To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Distal motor nerve evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) potentials were recorded from tibial and peroneal nerves.To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Distal motor nerve evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) potentials were recorded from tibial and peroneal nerves.To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Distal motor nerve evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) potentials were recorded from tibial and peroneal nerves.To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Distal motor nerve evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) potentials were recorded from tibial and peroneal nerves.To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Distal motor nerve evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) potentials were recorded from tibial and peroneal nerves.To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Total time subjects voluntarily exercised while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Peak heart rate achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Peak systolic BP achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Peak volume of air exchanged per minute achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Peak Oxygen uptake achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Peak RER achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT). This is a mathematical ratio of maximally achieved (peak) VCO2 divided by maximally achieved (peak) VO2.

Peak Carbon Dioxide expelled achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Peak metabolic rate equivalents (METS) achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT). One MET is defined as the metabolic rate observed at rest, quantified as resting oxygen consumption of 250 ml/min (Male) or 200 ml /min (female). A value of 5 METS would represent a metabolic rate that is 5x that at rest and is considered an indicator of how hard a given individual is exercising. Data shown are expressed as a ratio at peak of exercise of oxygen consumed relative to normalized values for men or women at rest.

The short form-36Veterans (SF-36V) health survey questionnaire was used to measure health-related quality of life. This survey is comprised of eight subscales and two overall component scores, all of which have demonstrated high levels of internal consistency and discriminate validity when administered to groups of medically stable individuals. Patient aggregate responses for the eight distinct summary subscales and two component scores were compiled as a percentage of total points possible using the RAND 36-item health survey table. Data shown are expressed as a percentage of total possible score ranging from 0%-100% with 100% considered relatively good health and 0% considered poor health. Mental Component scores reflect perceived changes in emotional health relative to the previous year.

BMI is calculated as a ratio of subject body mass (kg) divided by the square of subject height (m).

Duration, in years, since first diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus upon entry into study

Laboratory values of subject HbA1C levels at Baseline, 12-wk, 24-wk

Laboratory triglyceride values at baseline entry into study

Laboratory total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels at baseline entry into study

Laboratory creatinine values at baseline entry into study

Laboratory Blood Urea Nitrogen levels at baseline entry into study

Laboratory values for Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) at baseline entry into study

Laboratory values for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) at baseline entry into study

Age of participants at entry into study.

Structured aerobic exercise (treadmill).plus structured isokinetic strength exercise (dynameter).

Total of all reporting groups

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Distal motor nerve evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) potentials were recorded from tibial and peroneal nerves.To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Distal motor nerve evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) potentials were recorded from tibial and peroneal nerves.To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Distal motor nerve evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) potentials were recorded from tibial and peroneal nerves.To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Sensory nerve action potentials were recorded from sural (antidromic), median (antidromic to second digit), and ulnar nerves (antidromic to fifth digit).To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Distal motor nerve evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) potentials were recorded from tibial and peroneal nerves.To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Distal motor nerve evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) potentials were recorded from tibial and peroneal nerves.To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. Total difference = 7 at 6 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Maximal responses were obtained using percutaneous electrical stimuli. Distal motor nerve evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) potentials were recorded from tibial and peroneal nerves.To minimize inter-examiner variability and maximize neurophysiologic test/retest reliability, the same experienced neurologist conducted all nerve conduction studies on days separate from all other testing activities. A dedicated TECA Synergy electromyograph system was used for all nerve conduction studies. The patients dominant side was chosen. In patients with definable differences between the two sides, the side with the most prominent clinical findings was chosen. In all cases, the same limb was used for all three (baseline, 12-weeks, 24-weeks) conduction studies.

Subjects withdrew from study prior to 3 month (# 3) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation Subjects were withdrawn from study by principal/ co-principal investigator prior to 3 month (# 2) and 6 month (# 1) evaluation. No data recorded for 1 Sedentary subject at 3 month evaluation. Data shown include responders and non-responders.

Changes in blood glucose in response to modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Subj. withdrew from study prior to 3 mo. (#3) and 6 mo. (#1) eval. Subj. withdrawn from study by PI/co-PI prior to 3 month (#2) and 6 month (#1) eval. Total difference = 8 at 6 mo. eval. 1(Sed) had EMG @ 12 and 24 wks didn't receive clearance for TMT but to continue in other study activities. 1 (Sed) post 24 week EMG and withdrawn s/p hosp.

The short form-36Veterans (SF-36V) health survey questionnaire was used to measure health-related quality of life. This survey is comprised of eight subscales and two overall component scores, all of which have demonstrated high levels of internal consistency and discriminate validity when administered to groups of medically stable individuals. Patient aggregate responses for the eight distinct summary subscales and two component scores were compiled as a percentage of total points possible using the RAND 36-item health survey table. Data shown are expressed as a percentage of total possible score ranging from 0%-100% with 100% considered relatively good health and 0% considered poor health. Physical Component scores reflect perceived changes in physical health relative to the previous year.

Subj. withdrew from study prior to 3 mo. (#3) and 6 mo. (#1) eval. Subj. withdrawn from study by PI/coPI prior to 3 month (#2) and 6 month (#1) eval. Total difference = 8 at 6 mo. eval. 1(Sed) had EMG @ 12 and 24 wks didn't receive clearance for TMT but to continue in other study activities. 1 (Sed) post 24 week EMG and withdrawn s/p hosp.

Total time subjects voluntarily exercised while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Subj. withdrew from study prior to 3 mo. (#3) and 6 mo. (#2) eval. Subj. withdrawn from study by PI/coPI prior to 3 month (#2) and 6 month (#1) eval. Total difference = 8 at 6 mo. eval. 1(Sed) had EMG @ 12 and 24 wks didn't receive clearance for TMT but to continue in other study activities. 1 (Sed) fell post 24 week EMG and withdrawn s/p hosp.

Peak heart rate achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Subj. withdrew from study prior to 3 mo. (#3) and 6 mo. (#2) eval. Subj. withdrawn from study by PI/coPI prior to 3 month (#2) and 6 month (#1) eval. Total difference = 8 at 6 mo. eval. 1(Sed) had EMG @ 12 and 24 wks didn't receive clearance for TMT but to continue in other study activities. 1 (Sed) fell post 24 week EMG and withdrawn s/p hosp.

Peak systolic BP achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Subj. withdrew from study prior to 3 mo. (#3) and 6 mo. (#2) eval. Subj. withdrawn from study by PI/coPI prior to 3 month (#2) and 6 month (#1) eval. Total difference = 8 at 6 mo. eval. 1(Sed) had EMG @ 12 and 24 wks didn't receive clearance for TMT but to continue in other study activities. 1 (Sed) fell post 24 week EMG and withdrawn s/p hosp.

Peak volume of air exchanged per minute achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Subj. withdrew from study prior to 3 mo. (#3) and 6 mo. (#2) eval. Subj. withdrawn from study by PI/coPI prior to 3 month (#2) and 6 month (#1) eval. Total difference = 8 at 6 mo. eval. 1(Sed) had EMG @ 12 and 24 wks didn't receive clearance for TMT but to continue in other study activities. 1 (Sed) fell post 24 week EMG and withdrawn s/p hosp.

Peak Oxygen uptake achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Subj. withdrew from study prior to 3 mo. (#3) and 6 mo. (#2) eval. Subj. withdrawn from study by PI/coPI prior to 3 month (#2) and 6 month (#1) eval. Total difference = 8 at 6 mo. eval. 1(Sed) had EMG @ 12 and 24 wks didn't receive clearance for TMT but to continue in other study activities. 1 (Sed) fell post 24 week EMG and withdrawn s/p hosp.

Peak RER achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT). This is a mathematical ratio of maximally achieved (peak) VCO2 divided by maximally achieved (peak) VO2.

Subj. withdrew from study prior to 3 mo. (#3) and 6 mo. (#2) eval. Subj. withdrawn from study by PI/coPI prior to 3 month (#2) and 6 month (#1) eval. Total difference = 8 at 6 mo. eval. 1(Sed) had EMG @ 12 and 24 wks didn't receive clearance for TMT but to continue in other study activities. 1 (Sed) post 24 week EMG and withdrawn s/p hosp.

Peak Carbon Dioxide expelled achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT)

Subj. withdrew from study prior to 3 mo. (#3) and 6 mo. (#2) eval. Subj. withdrawn from study by PI/coPI prior to 3 month (#2) and 6 month (#1) eval. Total difference = 8 at 6 mo. eval. 1(Sed) had EMG @ 12 and 24 wks didn't receive clearance for TMT but to continue in other study activities. 1 (Sed) fell post 24 week EMG and withdrawn s/p hosp.

Peak metabolic rate equivalents (METS) achieved while undergoing a modified Bruce Protocol treadmill test (TMT). One MET is defined as the metabolic rate observed at rest, quantified as resting oxygen consumption of 250 ml/min (Male) or 200 ml /min (female). A value of 5 METS would represent a metabolic rate that is 5x that at rest and is considered an indicator of how hard a given individual is exercising. Data shown are expressed as a ratio at peak of exercise of oxygen consumed relative to normalized values for men or women at rest.

Subj. withdrew from study prior to 3 mo. (#3) and 6 mo. (#2) eval. Subj. withdrawn from study by PI/coPI prior to 3 month (#2) and 6 month (#1) eval. Total difference = 8 at 6 mo. eval. 1(Sed) had EMG @ 12 and 24 wks didn't receive clearance for TMT but to continue in other study activities. 1 (Sed) fell post 24 week EMG and withdrawn s/p hosp.

The short form-36Veterans (SF-36V) health survey questionnaire was used to measure health-related quality of life. This survey is comprised of eight subscales and two overall component scores, all of which have demonstrated high levels of internal consistency and discriminate validity when administered to groups of medically stable individuals. Patient aggregate responses for the eight distinct summary subscales and two component scores were compiled as a percentage of total points possible using the RAND 36-item health survey table. Data shown are expressed as a percentage of total possible score ranging from 0%-100% with 100% considered relatively good health and 0% considered poor health. Mental Component scores reflect perceived changes in emotional health relative to the previous year.

Subj. withdrew from study prior to 3 mo. (#3) and 6 mo. (#1) eval. Subj. withdrawn from study by PI/coPI prior to 3 month (#2) and 6 month (#1) eval. Total difference = 8 at 6 mo. eval. 1(Sed) had EMG @ 12 and 24 wks didn't receive clearance for TMT but to continue in other study activities. 1 (Sed) post 24 week EMG and withdrawn s/p hosp.