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The purpose of this investigation was to determine the incidence and the factors that cause a reopening of a macular hole (MH) after a surgical closure.
A reopening of a macular hole (MH) is a well-known complication of successfully closed MHs. Recently, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling has become widely used as an adjunctive procedure during MH surgery. The incidence of a reopening of a MH is 0 to 8.6% in eyes in which the ILM was peeled off, and 2 to 16% in which the ILM was not peeled off. Part of the variation in the percentages of reopening was the length of the follow-up period; eyes with longer follow-up periods have higher incidences of reopening.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vitrectomy | Patients underwent vitrectomy with or without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for an idiopathic full-thickness macular hole. Simultaneous phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation was performed on all phakic patients who were >40-years-of-age. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitrectomy | Procedure | Patients underwent vitrectomy with or without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for an idiopathic full-thickness macular holes. Simultaneous phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation was performed on all phakic patients who were >40-years-of-age. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| A complete clinical examination including BCVA, slit-lamp biomicroscopy with a contact lens, indirect ophthalmoscopy, and fundus photography were performed post surgery. | Patients were examined preoperatively and postoperatively on day one, and at two weeks, and one, three, and six months. Thereafter, they were examined every three to six months. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Eight hundred seventy-seven eyes of 831 patients with a mean age of 64.9 ± 8.0 years were studied.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Kazuyuki Kumagai, MD | Shinjo Ophthalmologic Institute | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shinjo Ophthalmologic Institute | Miyazaki | Miyazaki | 880-0035 | Japan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8058282 | Background | Duker JS, Wendel R, Patel AC, Puliafito CA. Late re-opening of macular holes after initially successful treatment with vitreous surgery. Ophthalmology. 1994 Aug;101(8):1373-8. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(13)31174-9. | |
| 7862400 | Background | Kokame GT. Recurrence of macular holes. Ophthalmology. 1995 Feb;102(2):172-3. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(95)31042-1. No abstract available. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012167 | Retinal Perforations |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012164 | Retinal Diseases |
| D005128 | Eye Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014821 | Vitrectomy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013508 | Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
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| 15492625 | Background | Kumagai K, Furukawa M, Ogino N, Uemura A, Demizu S, Larson E. Vitreous surgery with and without internal limiting membrane peeling for macular hole repair. Retina. 2004 Oct;24(5):721-7. doi: 10.1097/00006982-200410000-00006. |
| 16139019 | Background | Gross JG. Late reopening and spontaneous closure of previously repaired macular holes. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005 Sep;140(3):556-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2005.03.044. |
| 18046233 | Background | Kumagai K, Furukawa M, Ogino N, Larson E, Uemura A. Long-term outcomes of macular hole surgery with triamcinolone acetonide-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling. Retina. 2007 Nov-Dec;27(9):1249-54. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3180ed45cc. |
| 18378210 | Background | Kumagai K, Ogino N, Furukawa M, Larson E, Uemura A. Surgical outcomes for patients who develop macular holes after pars plana vitrectomy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008 Jun;145(6):1077-80. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2008.01.030. Epub 2008 Apr 18. |