The intraperitoneal repair has been proven safe for the repair of incisional hernia and is accepted, together with the subfascial or retromuscular repair as the "gold-standard" for the repair of incisional hernia. However no studies have convincingly proven that this approach is better than the on-lay repair.

The authors believe that the intraperitoneal repair performs better than the on-lay repair for incisional hernia.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with incisional hernia 5 cm of diameter or with an area of 25 square cm (cm2)
• First repair
• Older than 35 years of age and younger than 75 years of age
• Both genders
• Any BMI
• Only upper abdominal midline incisional hernias (supraumbilical)
• Patients submitted only to elective repair

Exclusion Criteria:

• Recurrent incisional hernia
• Emergency surgery
• Hernias with a diameter higher than 5 cm or more than 25 cm2 of area
• Lower midline abdominal incisional hernias
• Other hernias rather than midline incisional hernias
• Non-incisional hernias