The purpose of this research is to determine how a person's lungs will uptake [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), as measured with positron emission tomography (PET) scanning in young cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.

Our recent study in CF adults, supplemented by recent pre-clinical and clinical studies by our group suggests that labeled fluorodeoxyglocose-based positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging may be a valuable quantitative biomarker of lung inflammation. The proposed study would validate our earlier findings, but in a younger patient population. The implications of such a test could be highly significant for both the testing of promising new anti-inflammatory agents and for patient management decisions. To capitalize on this exciting opportunity, the critical next step is to show that we can identify a cohort of young CF patients with both stable lung function and normal (or near normal) FDG-PET imaging studies. Similar patients, then, would become the subjects for a future prospective cohort study to determine if FDG-PET imaging can in fact serve as a predictor of future changes in lung function.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Confirmed diagnosis of cystic fibrosis
• Age 12 to 21 years old, of either gender, any race or ethnicity
• Stable recent pulmonary status (defined as no new pulmonary symptoms, new antibiotic use, or hospitalization for pulmonary symptoms for at least 1 month).
• We will permit patients treated with the macrolide antibiotic, azithromycin, to participate in this study. Azithromycin has recently become a virtual standard of care in CF, based on small but reproducible improvements in pulmonary function over 4 months of treatment with this drug. The mechanism of benefit is uncertain, but an anti-inflammatory effect has been suggested. The high prevalence of use means that a study without azithromycin would likely require a wash-out period, without data about the appropriate duration for such a wash-out, or whether inflammatory markers would reverse during that time.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Failure to obtain informed consent
• Positive pregnancy test or lactation
• Currently enrolled in another study involving radioisotopes or an investigational drug
• Recent (within 30 days of screening) hospitalization for any reason
• New antibiotic use (within 30 days of screening).
• Patient incapable of lying still and supine within the PET/computed X-ray tomography (CT) scanner for 90 minutes.
• Patient incapable of completing other testing procedures (e.g., PFT, induced sputum)
• Patient with serum glucose greater than 150 mg/dl at time of PET imaging study
• Patient incapable of fasting for 4 to 6 hrs prior to PET imaging study

Data generated will be published at the end of the project, consistent with normal scientific practices. Such research data will be anonymized to prevent the disclosure of personal identifiers. In return for the use of data, investigators will acknowledge our grant number in publications and presentations, and in productivity reports on publications or funding that were derived from the project, and they will not distribute materials to third-parties without notification. There will be no charge for sharing data unless the request requires effort beyond what can be subsumed under normal project budgeted effort. If the request justifies a charge, the cost is kept to a minimum and based on actual expenses.

Research data will be made available after the main findings from the final research data set have been accepted for publication. The data will be available indefinitely thereafter.

Data may be shared with collaborators as approved by the Principal Investigator based on the following criteria: scientific merit, feasibility and IRB issues, appropriateness of principal investigator qualifications, and appropriateness to the project's overall goals and themes. Approval of the relevant co-investigators will be also sought and reviewed by the principal investigators.

At the time of and immediately following FDG-PET scan, an average of 2-hours

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