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Terminated due to lack of enrollment
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The purpose of this study is to determine if hepatitis C virus and influenza virus vaccine components can cross the placenta and stimulate an immune response in the fetus.
The rate of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is only 5%, even though the level of fetal exposure to the virus during pregnancy is probably much higher. How can the fetus avoid infection in so many cases? We believe the fetal immune system is not immature as has previously been thought, but instead plays an active role in protecting the fetus from infection. In this study, we aim to better understand the immune response of the fetus against maternal HCV infection. In addition, since the fetus has been shown in some cases to make an immune response against vaccines given to the mother during pregnancy, we also aim to study the fetal immune response against maternal influenza virus vaccination. We plan to study 50 HCV-positive pregnant women and their infants (study group) and compare them to 20 HCV-negative pregnant women and their infants (control group). We estimate that approximately 30 women in the study group will have received the influenza virus vaccine. We will analyze 3 important components of mother-to-child transmission: (1) the maternal immune response against HCV and influenza virus vaccine during and after pregnancy; (2) the baby's immune response to these agents at birth, 9-15 months, and 24 months; and (3) the placenta, for the presence of HCV particles or influenza virus vaccine components. The results of this study may have implications for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HCV and other infections, as well as for the development of novel vaccination strategies.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| hepatitis C | pregnant women with hepatitis C virus infection and their infants | ||
| controls | pregnant women without hepatitis C infection and their infants |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Detection and characterization of cord blood immune responses against hepatitis C virus and influenza virus vaccine | single time point (birth) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Characterization of immune responses in infants against hepatitis C virus and influenza virus vaccine | 2 time points (9-15 months and 24 months) | |
| Detection and characterization of immune responses against hepatitis C virus and influenza virus vaccine in mothers |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Both groups will be selected from an outpatient obstetrics clinic.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Joseph M McCune, MD, PhD | University of California, San Francisco | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco | San Francisco | California | 94110 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006526 | Hepatitis C |
| D007251 | Influenza, Human |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000086982 | Blood-Borne Infections |
| D003141 | Communicable Diseases |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D006525 | Hepatitis, Viral, Human |
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Plasma, peripheral and cord blood mononuclear cells, placental tissue
| 2 time points (prenatal and postpartum time points) |
| D014777 |
| Virus Diseases |
| D018178 | Flaviviridae Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D006505 | Hepatitis |
| D008107 | Liver Diseases |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D009976 | Orthomyxoviridae Infections |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |