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Do Back School and/or supervised walking improve reported pain and spine flexibility in sedentary women with chronic low back pain (LBP)?
From August 2002 to March 2004, one hundred nineteen volunteers sedentary women with chronic LBP and age ranging from 32 to 60 years old, randomly allocated to four groups of participants assigned as Back School (BS; N=28), Supervised Walking (W; N=32), Back School and Supervised Walking (BS+W; N=29), and Control Group (CG; N=30) were submitted to interventions once a week for 5 consecutive weeks and followed for up to 6 months. The groups BS, W, and BS+W received LBP-targeted lectures and on-place practical sessions of each respective intervention. CG received print information about LBP and 5 different lectures unrelated to LBP.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Back School | Other | Participants received weekly sessions of 45 minutes including: 15-minute lectures about basics of spine's anatomy, ergonomics, techniques of lifting and transportation of weights and volumes, body posture in several daily tasks and situations, and spine preventive care; 30 minutes of on-place supervised exercises for posture and spine flexibility (muscle stretching, relaxation, strengthening) |
|
| Supervised Walking | Other | Participants received weekly sessions of 45 minutes including: 15-minute lectures about basics of physical activity, its advantages and benefits, barriers and facilitators, types and opportunities; 30 minutes of on-place supervised walking in group |
|
| Back School and Walking | Other | Participants received weekly sessions of 90 minutes including: 30-minute lectures about basics of spine's anatomy, ergonomics, techniques of lifting and transportation of weights and volumes, body posture in several daily tasks and situations, spine preventive care, and about physical activity, its advantages and benefits, barriers and facilitators, types and opportunities; 30 minutes of on-place supervised exercises for posture and spine flexibility (muscle stretching, relaxation, strengthening); 30 minutes of on-place supervised walking in group |
|
| Control Group | Other | Participants received weekly sessions of 45 minutes including lectures about: stress control, healthy nutrition (2 lectures), sleep hygiene and injury prevention; beside the 2-page folder content this group received no other information about LBP, BS or walking all along the follow-up. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Back School Intervention | Behavioral | Patients were submitted once a week for 5 consecutive weeks to sessions of 45 minutes including: 15-minute lectures about basics of spine's anatomy, ergonomics, techniques of lifting and transportation of weights and volumes, body posture in several daily tasks and situations, and spine preventive care; 30 minutes of on-place supervised exercises for posture and spine flexibility (muscle stretching, relaxation, strengthening) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Intensity of Low Back Pain (LBP) Self-Estimated by Visual Analogical Scale (VAS) | Patients were asked to indicate their perception about their LBP intensity with a cross on a line without marks, ranging from 1 (very light pain) through 10 (very strong pain) | 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Spine Flexibility (3rd Fingertip to Floor - 3FF). | Patients in up-right position with joined feet and stretched out arms were asked to bend the spine as much as possible without bending the knees; the least achieved distance between the 3rd fingertip and the floor was measured in centimeters with a proper rule. | 6 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Mario Ferreira Junior, PhD | Hospital das Clínicas - São Paulo University School of Medicine | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Center for Health Promotion - Hospital das Clínicas - FMUSP | São Paulo | São Paulo | 05403-000 | Brazil |
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Between August 2002 and March 2004, 351 women that attended 4 community centers located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, responding to invitations by folders and voice announcements, filled a form with basic questions about physical activity and low back pain (LBP). After a clinical evaluation, 119 patients fulfilled the study criteria.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Back School | |
| FG001 | Supervised Walking | |
| FG002 | Backschool and Supervised Walking | Once a week for 5 consecitive weeks participants attended of 90 minutes including: 30-minute lectures about basics of spine's anatomy, ergonomics, techniques of lifting and transportation of weights and volumes, body posture in several daily tasks and situations, spine preventive care, and about physical activity, its advantages and benefits, barriers and facilitators, types and opportunities; 30 minutes of on-place supervised exercises for posture and spine flexibility (muscle stretching, relaxation, strengthening); 30 minutes of on-place supervised walking in group. |
| FG003 | Control Group | Once a week for 5 consecutive weeks participants attended sessions of 45 minutes including lectures about: stress control, healthy nutrition (2 lectures), sleep hygiene and injury prevention. This group also received a 2-page folder with print information about LBP prevention and control. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Period |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Back School | |
| BG001 | Supervised Walking | |
| BG002 | Backschool and Supervised Walking |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age Categorical | Number |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Secondary | Spine Flexibility (3rd Fingertip to Floor - 3FF). | Patients in up-right position with joined feet and stretched out arms were asked to bend the spine as much as possible without bending the knees; the least achieved distance between the 3rd fingertip and the floor was measured in centimeters with a proper rule. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | centimeters | 6 months |
|
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mario Fereira Junior | Hospital das Clínicas - São Paulo University School of Medicine | 55 11 3069-7691 | mariofj@uol.com.br |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016138 | Walking |
| D035061 | Control Groups |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008124 | Locomotion |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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| Supervised Walking Intervention | Behavioral | Patients were submitted once a week for 5 consecutive weeks to sessions of 45 minutes including: 15-minute lectures about basics of physical activity, its advantages and benefits, barriers and facilitators, types and opportunities; 30 minutes of on-place supervised walking in group. |
|
|
| Back School and Walking | Behavioral | Weekly sessions of 90 minutes including: 30-minute lectures about basics of spine's anatomy, ergonomics, techniques of lifting and transportation of weights and volumes, body posture in several daily tasks and situations, spine preventive care, and about physical activity, its advantages and benefits, barriers and facilitators, types and opportunities |
|
|
| Control Group | Behavioral | Weekly sessions of 45 minutes including lectures about: stress control, healthy nutrition (2 lectures), sleep hygiene and injury prevention.; beside the 2-page folder content this group received no other information about LBP, BS or walking all along the follow-up. |
|
|
Once a week for 5 consecitive weeks participants attended of 90 minutes including: 30-minute lectures about basics of spine's anatomy, ergonomics, techniques of lifting and transportation of weights and volumes, body posture in several daily tasks and situations, spine preventive care, and about physical activity, its advantages and benefits, barriers and facilitators, types and opportunities; 30 minutes of on-place supervised exercises for posture and spine flexibility (muscle stretching, relaxation, strengthening); 30 minutes of on-place supervised walking in group.
| BG003 | Control Group | Once a week for 5 consecutive weeks participants attended sessions of 45 minutes including lectures about: stress control, healthy nutrition (2 lectures), sleep hygiene and injury prevention. This group also received a 2-page folder with print information about LBP prevention and control. |
| BG004 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| participants |
|
| Age Continuous | Mean | Standard Deviation | years |
|
| Gender | Number | participants |
|
| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
|
| OG003 | Control Group | Once a week for 5 consecutive weeks participants attended sessions of 45 minutes including lectures about: stress control, healthy nutrition (2 lectures), sleep hygiene and injury prevention. This group also received a 2-page folder with print information about LBP prevention and control. |
|
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| Primary | Intensity of Low Back Pain (LBP) Self-Estimated by Visual Analogical Scale (VAS) | Patients were asked to indicate their perception about their LBP intensity with a cross on a line without marks, ranging from 1 (very light pain) through 10 (very strong pain) | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | milimeters | 6 months |
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| D015444 | Exercise |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D015340 | Epidemiologic Research Design |
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D012107 | Research Design |
| D008722 | Methods |