Intravitreal Injection Versus Sub-Tenon's Infusion of Triamcinolone Acetonide for Refractory Diabetic Macular Edema During Cataract Surgery

Triamcinolone has already been used by different routes of administration to treat diabetic macular edema. In the present study, intravitreal injection (IVI) and posterior sub-Tenon's infusion (STI) of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) during phacoemulsification cataract surgery in eyes with refractory diffuse diabetic macular edema are tested.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Refractory diffuse DME unresponsive to focal laser photocoagulation
• Best corrected visual acuity between 20/800 and 20/40; Central subfield macular thickness greater than 300 µm

Exclusion Criteria:

• Previous ocular surgery
• Glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb A1C) rate above 10%
• History of glaucoma or ocular hypertension
• Loss of vision as a result of other causes
• Systemic corticoid therapy
• Severe systemic disease
• Any condition affecting follow-up or documentation