Randomized Control Trial to Study the Efficacy of the Surgical Mask Versus the N95 Respirator to Prevent Influenza

A Randomized Control Trial of Surgical Masks vs N95 Respirators to Prevent Influenza in Health Care Workers

The goal of this study is to compare the efficacy of the surgical mask to the N95 respirator in protecting nurses from influenza in the hospital setting. The investigators propose a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial whereby nurses are randomized to either a surgical mask or an N95 respirator when caring for patients with febrile respiratory illness during the influenza season. The hypothesis is that the surgical mask offers similar protection against influenza to that of the N95. The specific objective of the study is to assess whether the rates of influenza (laboratory-confirmed by PCR and HAI assay), as well as secondary outcomes (influenza-like illness, work-related absenteeism, physician visits for respiratory illness, and lower respiratory infection), are similar among nurses using a surgical mask compared to those using an N95 respirator.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Nurses who work in emergency departments and medical units
• Nurses expected to work full time (defined as > 37 hours per week)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Nurses who were not fit tested
• Nurses who could not pass a fit test