Long-Term Outcomes in the Treatment of Infantile and Acquired Esotropia With Botulinum Toxin

Long-Term Outcomes in the Treatment of Infantile and Acquired Esotropia With Botulinum Toxin

To investigate long-term treatment outcomes of patients receiving botulinum toxin A therapy for infantile and acquired esotropia.

Participants: 164 patients with infantile esotropia and 89 patients with acquired esotropia.

Methods: Patients were injected with botulinum toxin into two medial rectus muscles and followed from 1992 to 2005. Patients were evaluated at 1 week, 2, 6 and 12 months, and then yearly post-injection.

Main Outcome Measures: Degree of motor alignment, recurrence rate, incidence of stereopsis, and dissociated vertical deviation along with complications.

Inclusion Criteria:

• infantile esotropia and acquired esotropia

Exclusion Criteria:

• exotropia, high AC/A ratio accommodative esotropia, patients with neurological deficit including cerebral palsy, Down syndrome and mental retardation, and ocular anomalies including retinopathy of prematurity. Patients lost to follow-up at 6 months or less after the last injection were also excluded.