Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) is an effective treatment for anxiety disorders, particularly for specific phobias as fear of heights and fear of flying (e.g. Powers & Emmelkamp, 2008). Recent technological advances (e.g. more realistic avatars) make research into the efficacy of VRET for participants with elevated agoraphobic symptoms desirable. Therefore, the aim of the present research proposal is to investigate the comparative efficacy of:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| VRET | Experimental | Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for agoraphobic participants |
|
| Exposure in vivo | Active Comparator | Standard exposure in vivo for panic disorder |
|
| Wait-list control | No Intervention | Wait-list control group. Participants from this arm are randomized to the two active conditions after 10 weeks of waiting. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for agoraphobic participants | Behavioral | This intervention is comprised of 10 sessions of cognitive behavior therapy for panic disorder and agoraphobia with components of
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS); Mobility Inventory for Agoraphobia (MI); Behavioural Avoidance Test (BAT) | Assessed at pre- and post-treatment and 6-12 months follow-up |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI); Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory (ASI); Beck Depression Inventory (BDI); Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS); Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire (ACQ); Bodily Sensations Questionnaire (BSQ); Panic Appraisal Inventory (PAI) | Process measures are taken prior to treatment, after the fourth treatment session and at post-treatment. The same measures will also be taken at 6 months follow-up. |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Paul MG Emmelkamp, Professor | University of Amsterdam | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Amsterdam | Amsterdam | Netherlands |
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016584 | Panic Disorder |
| D000379 | Agoraphobia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D010698 | Phobic Disorders |
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D063367 | Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003887 | Desensitization, Psychologic |
| D001521 | Behavior Therapy |
| D011613 | Psychotherapy |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
|
| Standard exposure in vivo for agoraphobic participants | Behavioral | This intervention is comprised of 10 sessions of cognitive behavior therapy for panic disorder and agoraphobia with components of
|
|
| Process measures: are taken prior to treatment, after the fourth treatment session and at post-treatment. The PDSS and PAI will be administered every therapy session |