The purpose of this study is to evaluate the gene expression patterns from colorectal mucosal cells collected through the use of a standard anoscope and cytology brush. Patients will include those scheduled for routine colonoscopy procedures and those with confirmed colorectal cancer.

Inclusion Criteria:

• willing to provide informed consent
• greater than or equal to 50 years of age
• patient is scheduled for routine colonoscopy procedure or colorectal cancer surgery
• subject is willing to provide colorectal mucosal sample for gene expression testing

Exclusion Criteria:

• recent radiation or treatment for gynecologic, prostate or rectal cancer
• recent surgery for anal rectal disease
• polys, family or self history of cancer (control group only)
• GI disease
• any mucosal disease or systemic condition that may confound the scientific interpretation of the gene expression results

Patients undergoing routine colonoscopy screening or patients scheduled for colorectal cancer surgery.