Objectives: Examine the acute utility of immediate maintained cannulations of a newly implanted prosthetic arteriovenous access. Background: Recurrent failure of central catheterization is not uncommon. An alternative access is necessary for acute hemodialysis after the exhaustion of central veins. Methods: We constructed the access by cannulating two dialysis needle-catheters and securing them on the skin after the implantation of the graft. The access was used immediately and maintained for one week and thereafter used as a long-term access.

Inclusion Criteria:

• end-stage renal disease underwent the specific prosthetic arteriovenous access creation in our hospital from November 2003 to October 2005

Exclusion Criteria:

• patients' poor health as long as they did not have other options and needed an access for acute hemodialysis. Exclusions included shock, active systemic infection, and rejection by the attending nephrologists

Patients with end-stage renal disease underwent the specific prosthetic arteriovenous access creation in our hospital from November 2003 to October 2005 were retrospectively reviewed.