Clomiphene in Males With Prolactinomas and Persistent Hypogonadism

Recovery of Gonadal Function by Clomiphene in Males With Prolactinomas and Persistent Hypogonadism

Prolactinomas are usually associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in both sexes. Clomiphene citrate is a well known selective estrogen receptor modulator that increases gonadotropin secretion via hypothalamic-pituitary action. We conducted a prospective, open label clinical trial of CC to evaluate its effects in reverting persistent HH in male patients with prolactinomas under dopaminergic agonist treatment.

Inclusion Criteria:

• a minimum follow-up of 6 months under DA therapy with normal serum prolactin or with maximum DA dose (3.5 mg/week of cabergoline or 10 mg/day of bromocriptine for at least 2 months)
• serum total testosterone less than 300ng/dl with normal or low LH and FSH levels after discontinuing testosterone replacement for at least 2 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

• impossibility to attend scheduled visits and irregular compliance to DA treatment.