The purpose of this non-interventional, observational and international registry study is to document the prescribing patterns in daily clinical practice and to assess long term treatment outcomes related to initiation of treatment with oral antipsychotics in a naturalistic setting.

PILAR is a non-interventional, observational, international registry on the use of oral antipsychotics in a naturalistic setting in patients with schizophrenia. Patients initiating a new oral antipsychotic treatment are candidates for documentation in this registry. All patients should be treated according to local labeling specifications. The overall study objective is to document prescribing patterns in daily clinical practice and to assess long-term treatment outcomes related to initiation of treatment with oral antipsychotics in a naturalistic setting. The primary objective is to prospectively document over one year treatment outcomes and healthcare utilization data that will enable a cost-effectiveness analysis of paliperidone ER compared to other oral antipsychotic treatments. Additional objectives are to retrospectively collect data over one year, which will allow the evaluation of treatment outcomes before and after treatment initiation with paliperidone ER or other oral antipsychotics. Evaluation of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) and Serious Adverse Drug Reactions (SADR) for the retrospective period, and Adverse Events (AE) and Serious Adverse Events (SAE) during the prospective period will be performed and reported. Dosing and administration of all treatments should be prescribed at the physician's discretion, and should be based on approved local labels. Dose adjustments or medication changes should be made by the treating physician based on clinical judgment and usual practice. Subjects should receive their medication according to usual care in their treatment setting, and no study drug will be provided. The documentation of the treatment will last one year.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosis of schizophrenia
• Switch to or start on paliperidone ER or another oral antipsychotic treatment (either atypical or conventional), not longer than 2 weeks ago
• Signed informed consent is available at the beginning of documentation
• Able and willing to fill-out self-administered questionnaires

Exclusion Criteria:

• Established treatment-refractory schizophrenia
• History of neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Patients of medical health professionals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia