The HAMD-17 total score measures depression severity. Each item was evaluated and scored using either a 5-point scale (e.g. absent, mild, moderate, severe, very severe) or a 3-point scale (e.g. absent, mild, marked). The total score of HAMD-17 may range from 0 (normal) to 52 (severe). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

The Core subscale (Items 1,2,3,7,8) evaluates "core" symptoms of depression. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 20 (severe). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

The Maier subscale (Items 1,2,7,8,9,10) represents the "core" symptoms of depression. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 24 (severe). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

The Anxiety/Somatization Subscale (Items 10-13, 15, 17) evaluates severity of psychic and somatic manifistations of anxiety as well as agitation. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 18 (severe). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

The Retardation Subscale (Items 1,7,8,14) evaluates dysfunction in mood, work, and sexual activity, as well as overall motor retardation. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 14 (severe). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

The Sleep Subscale (Items 4,5,6) evaluates initial, middle, and late insomnia. Total subscale scores range from 0 (no difficulty) to 6 (difficulty). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

The HAMA scale measures anxiety symptoms accompanying major depressive disorder (MDD). Each item of the 14-item HAMA was scored from 0 (not present) to 4 (very severe), with a resulting maximum total score of 56. Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Measures severity of illness at the time of assessment compared with start of treatment. Scores range from 1 (normal, not at all ill) to 7 (among the most extremely ill patients). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

A self-reported scale that measures the severity of pain based on the average pain experienced over the past 24-hours. The severity scores range from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as severe as you can imagine). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

A scale that measures the patient's perception of improvement at the time of assessment compared with the start of treatment. The score ranges from 1 (very much better) to 7 (very much worse). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

A 14-item patient-rated scale assesses medication-related changes in sexual activity/functioning. Items rated from 1 (never, low enjoyment/pleasure) to 5 (every day, great enjoyment/pleasure). CSFQ measures 5 dimensions of sexual behavior: pleasure; desire/frequency; desire/interest; arousal; orgasm. Lower total scores are associated with diminished sexual functioning. Total scores <=47 (men) and <=41 (women) indicate global sexual dysfunction, with all phases of sexual response cycle affected. Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are in 'Other relevant information' section.

The TSQM is a participant-reported measure that best describes how the study medication makes them feel since the last study visit, assessing perceived effectiveness, severity of side effects, and convenience. Convenience, Effectiveness, Side-Effects, and Global Satisfaction scale scores range from 0 (extremely dissatisfied) to 100 (extremely satisfied). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

The SDS is completed by the patient and is used to assess the effect of the patient's symptoms on their work/social/family life. Total scores range from 0 to 30 with higher values indicating greater disruption in the patient's work/social/family life. Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Participants who received 60 milligram (mg) duloxetine capsules, once daily (QD), for 4 weeks (Study Period II) with unknown response status.

Total of all reporting groups

Previous selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) or serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) treatment.

The Anxiety/Somatization Subscale (Items 10-13, 15, 17) evaluates severity of psychic and somatic manifestations of anxiety as well as agitation. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 18 (severe).

The Core subscale (Items 1,2,3,7,8) evaluates "core" symptoms of depression. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 20 (severe).

The Maier subscale (Items 1,2,7,8,9,10) represents the "core" symptoms of depression. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 24 (severe).

The Retardation Subscale (Items 1,7,8,14) evaluates dysfunction in mood, work, and sexual activity, as well as overall motor retardation. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 14 (severe).

The Sleep Subscale (Items 4,5,6) evaluates initial, middle, and late insomnia. Total subscale scores range from 0 (no difficulty) to 6 (difficulty).

The HAMD-17 measures depression severity. Each item was evaluated and scored using either a 5-point scale (e.g. absent, mild, moderate, severe, very severe) or a 3-point scale (e.g. absent, mild, marked). The total score of HAMD-17 may range from 0 (normal) to 52 (severe).

A self-reported scale that measures the severity of pain based on the average pain experienced over the past 24-hours. The severity scores range from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as severe as you can imagine).

The BPI-SF interference score asks about the degree to which pain interferes with mood, walking and other physical activity, work, social activity, relations with others, and sleep. BPI-SF interference score ranges from 0 (no interference) to 10 (interferes completely).

A 14-item patient-rated scale designed to assess medication-related changes in sexual activity/functioning. Items are rated from 1 (never, low enjoyment or pleasure) to 5 (every day/great enjoyment or pleasure). CSFQ measures 5 dimensions of sexual behavior: pleasure; desire/frequency; desire/interest; arousal; orgasm. CSFQ total score is obtained across all 5 dimensions. Lower scores are associated with sexual dysfunction/diminished sexual functioning. Total scores <=47 (men) and <=41 (women) indicate global sexual dysfunction, with all phases of the sexual response cycle being affected.

Measures severity of illness at the time of assessment compared with start of treatment. Scores range from 1 (normal, not at all ill) to 7 (among the most extremely ill patients).

The HAMA scale measures anxiety symptoms accompanying major depressive disorder (MDD). Each item of the 14-item HAMA was scored from 0 (not present) to 4 (very severe), with a resulting maximum total score of 56.

The SDS is completed by the patient and is used to assess the effect of the patient's symptoms on their work/social/family life. Total scores range from 0 to 30 with higher values indicating greater disruption in the patient's work/social/family life.

The TSQM is a participant-reported measure that best describes how the study medication makes them feel since the last study visit, assessing perceived effectiveness, severity of side effects, and convenience. Convenience, Effectiveness, Side-Effects, and Global Satisfaction scale scores range from 0 (extremely dissatisfied) to 100 (extremely satisfied).

60 mg duloxetine capsules, QD, for 4 weeks (Study Period II). Non-responder group - 120 mg capsules, QD, for 4 weeks more (Study Period III).

The Maier subscale (Items 1,2,7,8,9,10) represents the "core" symptoms of depression. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 24 (severe). Response is defined as a >=50% reduction in the Maier subscale score from baseline.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

The HAMD-17 total score measures depression severity. Each item was evaluated and scored using either a 5-point scale (e.g. absent, mild, moderate, severe, very severe) or a 3-point scale (e.g. absent, mild, marked). The total score of HAMD-17 may range from 0 (normal) to 52 (severe). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

The Core subscale (Items 1,2,3,7,8) evaluates "core" symptoms of depression. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 20 (severe). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

The Maier subscale (Items 1,2,7,8,9,10) represents the "core" symptoms of depression. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 24 (severe). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

The Anxiety/Somatization Subscale (Items 10-13, 15, 17) evaluates severity of psychic and somatic manifistations of anxiety as well as agitation. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 18 (severe). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

The Retardation Subscale (Items 1,7,8,14) evaluates dysfunction in mood, work, and sexual activity, as well as overall motor retardation. Total subscale scores range from 0 (normal) to 14 (severe). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

The Sleep Subscale (Items 4,5,6) evaluates initial, middle, and late insomnia. Total subscale scores range from 0 (no difficulty) to 6 (difficulty). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

The HAMA scale measures anxiety symptoms accompanying major depressive disorder (MDD). Each item of the 14-item HAMA was scored from 0 (not present) to 4 (very severe), with a resulting maximum total score of 56. Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

Measures severity of illness at the time of assessment compared with start of treatment. Scores range from 1 (normal, not at all ill) to 7 (among the most extremely ill patients). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

A self-reported scale that measures the severity of pain based on the average pain experienced over the past 24-hours. The severity scores range from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as severe as you can imagine). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

A scale that measures the patient's perception of improvement at the time of assessment compared with the start of treatment. The score ranges from 1 (very much better) to 7 (very much worse). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

A 14-item patient-rated scale assesses medication-related changes in sexual activity/functioning. Items rated from 1 (never, low enjoyment/pleasure) to 5 (every day, great enjoyment/pleasure). CSFQ measures 5 dimensions of sexual behavior: pleasure; desire/frequency; desire/interest; arousal; orgasm. Lower total scores are associated with diminished sexual functioning. Total scores <=47 (men) and <=41 (women) indicate global sexual dysfunction, with all phases of sexual response cycle affected. Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

The TSQM is a participant-reported measure that best describes how the study medication makes them feel since the last study visit, assessing perceived effectiveness, severity of side effects, and convenience. Convenience, Effectiveness, Side-Effects, and Global Satisfaction scale scores range from 0 (extremely dissatisfied) to 100 (extremely satisfied). Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

The SDS is completed by the patient and is used to assess the effect of the patient's symptoms on their work/social/family life. Total scores range from 0 to 30 with higher values indicating greater disruption in the patient's work/social/family life. Factors used for adjustment for least squares means are listed in 'Other relevant information' section.

Efficacy Population: Participants who had at least one post-baseline observation were included in the efficacy analysis. The group "Unclassified" was excluded from statistical testing.

60 mg duloxetine capsules, QD, for 4 weeks (Study Period II). Non-Responder group - 120 mg capsules, QD, for 4 weeks more (Study Period III).

Participants who received 60 milligram (mg) duloxetine capsules, once daily (QD), for 4 weeks (Study Period II) with unknown response status.