Principal Investigator left the institution requested termination

This study will evaluate the potential to decrease the use of IV anesthesia drugs in patients undergoing pleuroscopy administering lidocane standardly applied to the skin in combination with atomized lidocaine applied into the pleural cavity.

Most patient discomfort results from direct manipulation or contact with the parietal pleura during chest tube placement, talc instillation or pleural biopsy. This study intends to use combined IV, intradermal and intrapleural anesthesia during pleuroscopy procedures. Intrapleural atomized lidocaine will be applied directly to the parital pleura. This study will evaluate intravenous anesthesia reduction in subjects treated with intrapleural lidocaine, reduction in total procedure timeby minimizing interruptions due to poor pain control, reduce perioperative pain scores and improve patient comfort nad to determine safety of fixed dosage of 3 mg/kg intrapleural lidocaine given during pleuroscopy.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients diagnosed with pleural disease
• Patients undergoing pleuroscopy with talc with or w/o biopsy
• Patients aged 18 - 85
• Patients capable of signing informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Severe congestive heart failure
• Hepatic failure, bilirubin > 2mg/dl, ALT,AST 3XULN
• Prior use Lidocaine in 48 hrs
• Hx SA drug reaction to lidocaine or amide local anesthetics
• Second or third degree heart block (w/o pacemaker)
• Sever sinoatrial block (w/o pacemaker)
• Concurrent treatment with quinidine, flecainide, dsopyramide, procainamide (ClassI antirrhythmic agents)
• Prior use or amiodarone hydrochloride
• systolic BP < 90mmHg
• bradycardia
• accelerated idioventricular rhythm